QUESTION 12 (4 Marks) Consider the following scenario: Steven owns his own auto repair shop. He uses his own premises as a workshop. If he had rented his premises to someone else, he would have received R18 000 in rent. He initially invested R50 000 in his business to buy tools and machines. If he had invested the money, he could have earned 10% per year on the money, which is R5 000 per year. If he did not work for himself, he could have earned a salary of R60 000. His expenditure for the year consisted of the following: Oil, petrol, sparkplugs, fan belts and other materials: R70 000 Salary for two junior mechanics: R35 000 Admin costs: R15 000 Assume that the total revenue of the auto shop is R230 000. Calculate Steve's economic profit. a) R203 000 b) R110 000 c) R27 000 d) R32 000 QUESTION 13 (4 Marks) Use the demand diagram below to answer this question. Note that P × Q equals $900 at every point on this demand curve. Which of the following statements correctly describes own-price elasticity of demand, for this particular demand curve? I. Demand is unit elastic at a price of $30, and elastic at all prices greater than $30. II. Demand is unit elastic at a price of $30, and inelastic at all prices less than $30. III. Demand is unit elastic for all prices. a) I and II only. b) I only. c) I, II and III. d) III only.
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1. Sometimes firms conduct experiments where they temporarily change prices (this may be done with selective coupons and other discounting methods) to see how the consumer responds to a price change. Let's assume that our firm charges $15 per unit of output and on average has 400 units sold per day. However, for the last week the firm offered a $5 discount and charged only $10 per unit of output. During the week of the discount the firm observed that the average daily sales were 1000 units. (i) Given the price and quantity information, calculate the Elasticity of Demand for the product. (ii) What type of good/service is this (inelastic, elastic, etc.)? Explain. (iii) Interpret your elasticity calculation. Bonus: Part (iv) and (v) are considered bonus. (iv) If we operate under the assumption of ceteris paribus, what is the best linear representation of the demand faced by the firm [please provide the equation for the demand in terms of Q = f(P)]. Hint: This is just solving for the equation of the line...so solve for slope and intercept. Recall that to get the equation of a line we can choose one point and note: (Y - Y1) = M(X - X1) in this case your point would be (X1, Y1) (P,Q) where M = ΔQ / ΔP (v) If we continue to operate under the assumption that the demand is linear, what prediction can you make about the firm's level of sales at the price of $8? Use your solution to predict this.
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