1) How would you separate a mixture of naphthalene and aniline? Draw a flow chart similar to that shown for this experiment. HINT: Consider the acid/base properties of aniline.
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How would you separate a mixture of naphthalene and p-chloroaniline? Draw a flow chart
Adi S.
Construct a flow diagram similar to the one given in the discussion section, showing how you could separate a mixture containing these three compounds. Clearly indicate the reagents you would use for each step: Benzoic acid (acid): C6H5–COOH Aniline (this behaves like a base): C6H5–NH2 Naphthalene (neutral compound): C10H8 Hints: You will need to use the solubility switch method There can only be two layers in your separatory funnel at any given time. You now have an additional component in your mixture (3 components instead of 2), more steps will be required to separate the mixture into its individual components.
Syon S.
2. Separation of a Neutral and Basic Substance A mixture of equal parts of a neutral substance, naphthalene, and a basic substance, 4-chloroaniline, are to be separated by extraction from an ether solution. The base will dissolve in hydrochloric acid while the neutral naphthalene will remain in the ether solution. 4-Chloroaniline is insoluble in cold water but will dissolve to some extent in hot water and is soluble in ethanol. Naphthalene can be purified as described in Chapter 3. Plan a procedure for separating 2.0 g of the mixture into its components and have the plan checked by the instructor before proceeding. A flow sheet is a convenient way to present the plan. Using solubility tests, select the correct solvent or mixture of solvents to crystallize 4-chloroaniline. Determine the weights and melting points of the isolated and purified products and calculate the percent recovery of each. Turn in the products in neatly labeled vials. Naphthalene mp 80°C Handle aromatic amines with care. Most are toxic and some are carcinogenic. Avoid breathing the dust and vapor from the solid and keep the compounds off the skin, best done by wearing gloves. Cleaning Up Combine all aqueous filtrates and solutions, neutralize them, and flush the resulting solution down the drain with a large excess of water. Used ether should be placed in the organic solvents container, and the sodium sulfate, once the solvent has evaporated from it, can be placed in the nonhazardous solid waste container. Any 4-chloroaniline should be placed in the chlorinated organic compounds container.
Sri K.
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