[1] Use The reaction mechanism for converting a substance A...

[1] Use The reaction mechanism for converting a substance A to D below to answer questions below Potential energy A B C D Reaction progress (a) how many Transition states are present in the reaction mechanism? [3Points] (b) What are the intermediates present in the reaction mechanism? [3Points] (c) Which is the fastest step in the reaction mechanism? [3Points] (d) The rate determining step of the reaction mechanism is [3Points] (e) How many Activated Complexes can be produced/formed in the reaction [3Points] (f) Is The overall reaction from A to D Exothermic or Endothermic? Explain your answer [5Points] (g) If a catalyst is added in the step C?D, show/draw the catalyst pathway on the energy profile diagram above. [5Points]

Transcript

00:01 All right, to answer this question, i have made it a bit easier to make sense of it by labeling other parts of the graph that are necessary.

00:12 The first part, point a represents the reactant, point d represents the product.

00:20 So the reaction starts with the reactant, obviously, and then we have the product.

00:25 Now, point e, f, and g are the transition states, while points b and c are called the intermediates.

00:37 They represent the intermediates.

00:39 So first thing you must understand is that the number of hills, that's point e, f, and g, represent the number of steps that that reaction mechanism or that reaction goes through.

00:54 So to answer the first question, a says how many intermediates? there are two intermediates, right? and that's point b and c.

01:04 And then b says how many transition states? there are three transition states, right? and i should say that the transition states also represent where you have this unstable species we call the transition complex, the activated complex, where not all the bonds in the reactants have been broken and not all the bonds in the products have been formed.

01:28 So there are three transition states, that's e, f, and g, right? and then the next one says, which is the fastest step in the reaction? which is the fastest step in the reaction? the fastest step in the reaction would be the one with the least activation energy, the one with the least activation energy.

01:53 Of course, the lower the activation energy, the faster the reaction.

01:57 So you're looking for the one with a very small distance between one and the other, and that should be the step two, that's step two between b and c, right? step two between b and c.

02:12 And then the d part says that which step has the least, the smallest rate constant, right? which step has the smallest rate constant? so the question now is that rate constant, right, is the rate of the reaction when you have the concentration of reactants to be one.

02:31 If the rate constant is large, it means that the reaction is going to, you know, be completed quickly.

02:37 And if it is small, it means the reaction is slow, right? so a large rate constant means, or the smallest rate constant means the slowest reaction...

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