00:01
Okay, so one of the esters in bananas is called pentil, pentanoate.
00:11
And we are trying to synthesize this ester.
00:15
So, a, what substances do we need for this synthesis? well, the process of generating an esterification is called esterification.
00:33
And for esterification to occur, we should have the following ingredients.
00:38
Basically, this is a recipe to create an ester.
00:41
The first thing is we would need pentanol.
00:47
This is our alcohol component.
00:50
The second thing that we would need is an acid.
00:53
We need a carboxylic acid component, and for this, we would need pentanoic acid.
01:08
And this guy, this is our alcohol component, carbonicic acid component.
01:16
The third thing that we need is a concentrated acid.
01:20
So we need an acid catalyst.
01:25
And for this we would use h2 -s -4, sulfuric acid, and then of course some heat to generate this reaction to get it going.
01:36
Okay, b.
01:38
In the synthesis of esters, a strong acid is required as a catalyst.
01:43
Briefly explain why that acid is needed for the reaction to take place.
01:49
So a strong acid is necessary, and in our case, we would use h2 -s -o -4.
01:54
The sulfuric acid, because we need to have the ability for protonation to occur.
02:05
And a strong acid allows us to protonate the carbonyl oxygen of that pentoic acid.
02:15
So we can protonate the carbonyl oxygen of our carbonylic acid, which in our case is pentanoic acid.
02:33
When this happens, we increase something called.
02:36
Called electrophilicity.
02:39
This increases electrophilicity of that carbon.
02:51
So when this occurs, we are unable to have nucleophilic attack.
03:02
And the attack is going to be taking place by our alcohol group, the pentanol.
03:08
So the nucleophilic attack due to the increased electrophilicity of that carbonyl oxygen is due to, so an nucleophilic attack is due to the alcohol...