2. Reflux
a) What is the reason for using a CaCl2 drying tube in the reflux setup? Draw a general reaction scheme to support your answer. (4 pts)
b) What is the reflux temperature of the Knoevenagel-Transesterification reaction? Briefly explain your answer. (4 pts)
3. Mechanism and Interpretation
a) Draw a detailed mechanism, using curved arrow notation, for the synthesis of ethyl coumarin-3-carboxylate, starting from the intermediate Knoevenagel condensation product. (6 pts)
b) In the attached 1H NMR spectrum of ethyl-3-coumarincarboxylate, draw the structure on the spectrum and assign the various resonances (peaks) to the hydrogen nuclei responsible for them. (4 pts)