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2. [ 20% ] Equations 1 and 2 demonstrate two different ways of measuring the same quantity, fractional energy loss, F. We can call Equation 1 the observed fractional energy loss, Fobserved, because we can calculate initial and final kinetic energies directly from the cart velocities that we can measure. We can call Equation 2 the predicted fractional energy loss, Fpredicted, because it depends only on the masses of the two carts in the collision. One way to test the agreement between the observed quantity to the prediction is to plot one against another. Sketch a cartoon plot of Fobserved vs. Fpredicted complete with a linear "fit". Assuming that your observations match the predictions of the theory well, what slope and intercept do you expect? 3. [ 30% ] Suppose a student consistently observes Fobserved > Fpredicted throughout their experiment. What trend do we expect to see in the plot described in Problem 2? Identify and describe a possible mechanism (systematic effect) that could explain this observation.

          2. [ 20% ] Equations 1 and 2 demonstrate two different ways of measuring the same quantity, fractional energy loss, F.

We can call Equation 1 the observed fractional energy loss, Fobserved, because we can calculate initial and final kinetic energies directly from the cart velocities that we can measure.

We can call Equation 2 the predicted fractional energy loss, Fpredicted, because it depends only on the masses of the two carts in the collision.

One way to test the agreement between the observed quantity to the prediction is to plot one against another.

Sketch a cartoon plot of Fobserved vs. Fpredicted complete with a linear "fit". Assuming that your observations match the predictions of the theory well, what slope and intercept do you expect?

3. [ 30% ] Suppose a student consistently observes Fobserved > Fpredicted throughout their experiment.

What trend do we expect to see in the plot described in Problem 2?

Identify and describe a possible mechanism (systematic effect) that could explain this observation.

$2. [ 20% ] Equations 1 and 2 demonstrate two different ways of measuring the same quantity, fractional energy loss, F. We can call Equation 1 the observed fractional energy loss, Fobserved, because we can calculate initial and final kinetic energies directly from the cart velocities that we can measure. We can call Equation 2 the predicted fractional energy loss, Fpredicted, because it depends only on the masses of the two carts in the collision. One way to test the agreement between the observed quantity to the prediction is to plot one against another. Sketch a cartoon plot of Fobserved vs. Fpredicted complete with a linear "fit". Assuming that your observations match the predictions of the theory well, what slope and intercept do you expect? 3. [ 30% ] Suppose a student consistently observes Fobserved > Fpredicted throughout their experiment. What trend do we expect to see in the plot described in Problem 2? Identify and describe a possible mechanism (systematic effect) that could explain this observation.$

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