Consider the normalized eigenvalue problem for the Schroedinger equation y" - [Vâ‚€(x) + eVâ‚(x)] = -ExER, where Vâ‚€(x) = Vâ‚(x) = 0. The potentials are continuous functions. This exercise examines so-called logarithmic perturbation expansions to find the corrections to the energy (Imbo and Sukhatme, 1984). To do this, it is assumed that the unperturbed state (e = 0) is nonzero, specifically a nondegenerate ground state.
(a) Assuming Vâ‚€(x) + Vâ‚(x) + Vâ‚‚(x) and E = Eâ‚€ + Eâ‚ + 2Eâ‚‚, find what problem the first term in each of these expansions satisfies. In this problem, assume Δx = 1, and V(x) is finite.
(b) Letting Δ = e(x), find the problem Δ satisfies.
(c) Expand Δ for small Δ and from this find E₠and E₂ in terms of V₀ and the perturbing potential.
(d) For a harmonic oscillator (V₀ = 2x² with x > 0) with perturbing potential V = exp(-x) (where α and β are positive), show that E₂/E₠= (α + 2β)/(α + β).