00:03
Hi there.
00:04
To answer this question, we need to know a little bit about the subatomic particles in an atom.
00:11
The three basic subatomic particles in an atom are protons, neutrons, and electrons.
00:25
The protons and neutrons are, of course, found in the nucleus.
00:32
And protons have a positive charge.
00:39
We give each proton a relative positive charge of positive one.
00:45
Neutrons are neutral, so they have no charge, and electrons have a negative charge.
00:56
The magnitude of that charge is exactly the same as a proton.
01:01
It's just an opposite sign.
01:03
So it has a relative charge of negative one.
01:06
Okay, so we need to predict some charges.
01:09
So if something has a certain number of protons and a certain number of electrons, they are equal to start with, but that atom loses one electron.
01:19
Since electrons are negatively charged, it will have a net charge of positive 1.
01:24
Or typically it's written as one positive as the charge.
01:29
So the ion would have a 1 positive charge because it has one more proton than electron now.
01:38
All right.
01:39
For the second one, now something is gaining two electrons.
01:47
Okay.
01:48
And again, electrons are negative.
01:51
I always like to think about the idea if you lose negativity, you become more positive...