The students first prepared standards with the following concentrations: 0.2, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2, 3, and 5 ppm F-. In order to determine the average amount of F- in mouthwash, 5 separate mouthwash sample solutions (diluted samples) for analysis were prepared by diluting the mouthwash from the shop (stock solution). In each preparation, 2.0 mL of the mouthwash stock solution was pipetted into a 250 mL volumetric flask and diluted to the mark using deionized water. The analysis results are presented below.
Sample Standard 1
Conc/ppm 0.2 0.5 1 1.5
Potential/mV
153.5 138.2 123.1 113.5
Standard 2
Standard 3
Standard 4
Standard 5
3 5
95.5 81.8
Standard 6
Sample 1
86.3 85.2 85.8 85.9 86.1 87.8
Sample 2
Sample 3
Sample 4
Sample 5
Sample 6
5.1
Using the provided results, plot an appropriate calibration curve of the standard solutions.
5.2 Using the provided results for the different sample solutions and the calibration curve, determine the F- concentration of each of the diluted mouthwash solutions prepared.
6 Perform an outlier test to check if any of the results can be rejected.
3 Determine the concentration of F- in the original sample as % Fluoride.
5 If the amount of Fluoride (%) reported by the manufacturer is 5%, is there any evidence of systematic errors in your results at the 0.05 significance level? Justify your answer.
5.3
5.4
5.5