A researcher conducts a study to determine whether reminding people to wash their hands primes them to be more disgust-prone and contemptuous when evaluating other persons or groups. Answer the following six questions with respect to this study: Question 16 2 pts What is the alternate hypothesis for this study? Edit View Insert Format Tools Table 12pt Paragraph
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The study aims to determine "whether reminding people to wash their hands primes them to be more disgust-prone and contemptuous when evaluating other persons or groups." Step 2: In hypothesis testing, the null hypothesis (H0) typically states that there is no Show more…
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In the mid-1800s, Dr. Ignaz Semmelweiss decided to make doctors wash their hands with a strong disinfectant between patients at a clinic with a death rate of $9.9 \%$. Semmelweiss wanted to test the hypothesis that the death rate would go down after the new handwashing procedure was used. What null and alternative hypotheses should he have used? Explain, using both words and symbols. Explain the meaning of any symbols you use.
Antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) is characterized by deceitfulness, reckless disregard for the well-being of others, a diminished capacity for remorse, superficial charm, thrill seeking, and poor behavioral control. ASPD is not normally diagnosed in children or adolescents, but antisocial tendencies can sometimes be recognized in childhood or early adolescence. James Blair and his colleagues have studied the ability of children with antisocial tendencies to recognize facial expressions that depict sadness, happiness, anger, disgust, fear, and surprise. They have found that children with antisocial tendencies have selective impairments, with significantly more difficulty recognizing fearful and sad expressions. Suppose you have a sample of 45 16-year-old children with antisocial tendencies and you are particularly interested in the emotion of disgust. The average 16-year-old has a score on the emotion recognition scale of 13.85. (The higher the score on this scale, the more strongly an emotion has to be displayed to be correctly identified. Therefore, higher scores indicate greater difficulty recognizing the emotion). Assume that scores on the emotion recognition scale are normally distributed. You believe that children with antisocial tendencies will have a harder time recognizing the emotion of disgust (in other words, they will have higher scores on the emotion recognition test). What is your null hypothesis stated using symbols? What is your alternative hypothesis stated using symbols? This is a ______ tailed test. Given what you know, you will evaluate this hypothesis using a _____ statistic. In order to use the t distribution, you will first need to determine the degrees of freedom (df) for α = 0.05. The degrees of freedom (df) is ____ . The critical value of t is _____ . Your sample of 16-year-old children with antisocial tendencies has an average score of 14.60 with a standard deviation of 2.96. Calculate the t statistic. To do this, you will first have to calculate the estimated standard error. The estimated standard error is ________. The t statistic is _____ . (Hint: For the most precise results, retain four significant figures from your calculation of the standard error to calculate the t statistic. Round your final answer to four decimal places, and then round it again to two decimal places for your answer selection.) The t statistic ______ lie in the critical region. Therefore, you _____ reject the null hypothesis. Based on the results of this test, there ____ enough evidence to conclude that children with antisocial tendencies have greater difficulty recognizing disgust than do children without antisocial tendencies.
Sri K.
A researcher predicted that harsh (very negative) moral judgments are caused by feelings of disgust. To test this hypothesis, she asked some students to indicate on a scale from 1 to 7 to what extent they thought incest between consenting adults was wrong (1 = not at all wrong, 7 = extremely wrong). However, participants were randomly assigned to answer this question either in a room recently sprayed with fart-spray (disgust condition) or in a room where the air was fresh (control condition). On average, participants in the disgust condition scored a 6 on the moral judgment scale, whereas participants in the control group scored a 5 on average. The researcher then conducted a t-test, where the calculated t-value for this mean difference was 1.97. The critical value of t was 1.86 in this case (one-tailed, at the 5% cutoff). A: In words, describe what the null and research hypotheses were for the study described above. (2 points) B: Based on the statistical information above, did disgust appear to increase the harshness of people's moral judgments? Why or why not? (3 points)
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