The formula is:
\[
L = 10 \log_{10} \left( \frac{I}{I_0} \right)
\]
where \( L \) is the sound level in decibels (dB), \( I \) is the intensity of the sound, and \( I_0 \) is the reference intensity, typically \( 1 \times 10^{-12} \, \mathrm{W/m^2} \).
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