A sufficient cause is defined as a complete set of factors that, when they all occur, inevitably leads to a disease.
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The word "sufficient" fits this description because a sufficient cause is enough to cause the disease. If all the factors in a sufficient cause are present, the disease will inevitably occur. Show more…
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Question 23 (1 point) Weakness/paralysis of the muscles involved in respiration causes poor clearing of secretions from the lungs, which in turn causes increased bacterial growth in the lungs. This information tells you that: A) Poor clearing of secretions from the lungs is a confounder in the relationship between weakness/paralysis in the muscles involved in respiration, and bacterial growth in the lungs B) Poor clearing of secretions is a mediator in the causal relationship between weakness/paralysis of the muscles involved in respiration, and increased bacterial growth in the lungs. C) Weakness/ paralysis of the muscles involved in respiration is a mediator in the causal relationship between poor clearing of lung secretions, and increased bacterial growth in the lungs D) There is some evidence for a causal relationship between the exposure of weakness/paralysis of the muscles involved in respiration, and the outcome of increased bacterial growth in the lungs based on the causal guideline of "biologic plausibility." E) B and D Question 24 (1 point) If a person inherits either one or two alleles for the genetic disease known as Huntington’s disease, that person will always develop the disease in middle age, regardless of healthy v. unhealthy lifestyle, drug use, access to medical care or anything else. Other than inheritance, there is no other way for a person to contract Huntington’s disease. With the regard to the outcome of Huntington’s disease, the causal relationship between genetic inheritance and disease outcome is: A) Sufficient and necessary B) Sufficient but not necessary C) Necessary but not sufficient D) Neither sufficient nor necessary E) None of the above
Derrick D.
Using the necessary and sufficient causes of disease model; when we have a factor that always causes a disease and also demonstrates that the disease cannot occur without that factor, we say that it is ____? Hint: This situation does not occur in reality. Group of answer choices Necessary and sufficient Necessary but not sufficient Sufficient but not necessary Neither sufficient nor necessary 2. A subjective evaluation of which risk is worse during risk perception is known as? Group of answer choices Choice Familiarity Necessity Dread 3. Which one of the following answers is not one of Koch's postulates on causality? Group of answer choices The organism must be observed in every case of disease. The organism must be isolated and grown in pure culture. The pure culture must, when inoculated into a susceptible animal, reproduce the disease. The organism must be observed in, and recovered from, the experimental animal. The organism must produce a dose-response relationship.
Sri K.
Let's assume that three factors (obesity, smoking, and alcohol use) can individually cause liver cancer, but only among individuals who have a genetic predisposition for it. Let's also assume that genetic predisposition alone does not cause liver cancer. What kind of cause is genetic predisposition? A. Necessary but not sufficient B. Sufficient but not necessary C. Neither necessary nor sufficient D. Both necessary and sufficient
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