a) What are the differences between a hydraulic cylinder and a pneumatic cylinder? b) Give two (2) applications each for a hydraulic cylinder and a pneumatic cylinder.
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- **Fluid Medium**: Hydraulic cylinders use incompressible liquids (usually oil) to transmit power, while pneumatic cylinders use compressible gases (usually air). - **Pressure Levels**: Hydraulic systems operate at much higher pressures (typically 1,000 to Show more…
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Practically every industrial process requires objects to be moved, manipulated, or subjected to some form of force. This is generally accomplished by means of electrical equipment such as motors or solenoids, or via devices driven by air (pneumatics) or liquids (hydraulics). A single-acting cylinder with a piston diameter of 2 inches is used to clamp a workpiece in a production machine. The applied pressure is 3000 psi, and it is able to clamp 24 inches in 10 seconds. Calculate the: i. maximum force generated ii. maximum work done iii. power used iv. required flow rate b. State FOUR (4) values that affect the pressure drop in the hydraulic system c. Describe what a differential cylinder is and what advantages it offers in a hydraulic circuit d. Explain the differences between laminar and turbulent flow of hydraulic fluids [25 Marks]
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