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Hello students in the question we are given two chemical reactions.
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We have c2h402 which is represented by letter a it reacts with sodium to release gas b which catches fire easily.
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We have second reaction in which c2 h4o2 which is compound a, it reacts with ethanol, which is c2h5oh ethanol in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid to give compound c, which is a sweet -smelling substance.
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So, looking at this second reaction, we are reminded of very famous chemical reaction, known as esterification.
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In this reaction, acid, it reacts with alcohol to give ester, which is a sweet -smelling substance, plus water, h2o.
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Here, in our case, compound a, it is an acid.
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It reacts with alcohol, ethanol, to give compound c, which is ester.
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Looking at the formula, we can say that compound a, which has two carbon atoms, it is ethinoic acid.
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Ethanoic acid it is represented as ch3, cooh.
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The first formula, here, ethanoic acid, when it reacts with sodium, this reaction, it is substitution reaction.
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Here, one hydrogen of ethenoid acid it would get substituted by sodium to give hydrogen gas.
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Thus compound b, it is hydrogen gas represented by h2.
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Compound c, which is in ester, it would have formula thh3, c -o -o -c2h5.
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This is ethyl ethanolate.
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Now let us write the chemical reactions...