After a laryngectomy, a client experiences frequent coughing episodes and copious production of secretions. The nurse would explain that the symptoms are the result of which condition?
• The irritation of the stoma as a result of the tracheostomy tube that is in place
• The reaction of the mucous membranes to air that is dry and cool
• An upper respiratory inflammation caused by allergies
• An insufficient coughing and deep-breathing regimen