an earthquake of magnitude 4 is smaller than an earthquake of magnitude 7 by a factor of what?
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The magnitude of an earthquake is measured on a logarithmic scale called the Richter scale. The magnitude $M$ is given by $M=\log _{10} x,$ where $x$ represents the amplitude of the seismic wave causing ground motion. How many times as great is the amplitude caused by an earthquake with a Richter scale rating of 7 as an aftershock with a Richter scale rating of 4?
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