A ballistic pendulum can be used to measure the speed of bullets. A bullet (mass of 5.0 g) is fired into a block of wood (mass of 4.995 kg) hanging from two cords. The block with the embedded bullet swings up to a maximum vertical height of 7 cm.
Assuming that the kinetic energy of the block at the bottom of the swing is converted to gravitational energy at the top of the swing, calculate:
a. The potential energy at the top of the swing.
b. The velocity of the block plus bullet at the bottom of the swing.
c. The momentum of the block plus bullet at the bottom of the swing.
d. Given that momentum is conserved in the collision of the bullet with the block, calculate the velocity of the bullet just before it strikes the block.