Biacetyl and acetoin are added to margarine to make it taste...

Biacetyl and acetoin are added to margarine to make it taste more like butter Complete the Lewis structures, predict values for all $\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{O}$ bond angles, and give the hybridization of the carbon atoms in these two compounds. Must the four carbon atoms and two oxygen atoms in biacetyl lie the same plane? How many $\sigma$ bonds and how many $\pi$ bonds are there in biacetyl and acetoin?

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00:01 I'm unable to see the lewis structures that are provided, but i can look them up and i will complete them.

00:06 So i don't know whether they're just a structural formula as shown here, but either way, we can still identify the hybridization.

00:17 On each of these ends, there's a carbon with three hydrogens.

00:21 Those are methyl groups, as they are here.

00:29 And this carbon needs to have an additional hydrogen, so it has four bonds.

00:36 This carbon already has four bonds, two single and a double bond.

00:41 So i assume when they're asking us to determine the carbon -carbon -oxygen bond angle, i'm assuming carbon -carbon -oxygen, carbon -carbon, carbon.

00:54 This one has three electron groups around its central carbon.

00:58 Three -electron groups always corresponds to, sp2 hybridized and trigonal planar as the geometry.

01:06 Triginal planar results in a 120 degree bond angle.

01:11 This has four electron groups, four single bonds, so that's tetrahedral in structure, sp3 hybridized, and 109 .5 degrees.

01:22 So i don't know whether they want the hybridization of all the carbons.

01:26 So these two are sp2.

01:29 These end ones are sp3.

01:32 This is the only one that's sp2.

01:34 All the other carbons are sp3...

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