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GR

Gabriella R.

Intro Stats / AP Statistics

1 week, 1 day ago

# Clarkson University surveyed alumni to learn more about what they think of Clarkson. One part of the survey asked respondents to indicate whether their overall experience at Clarkson fell short of expectations, met expectations, or surpassed expectations. The results showed that of the respondents did not provide a response, said that their experience fell short of expectations, and of the respondents said that their experience met expectations. Round your answers to two decimal places.

University of Ottawa

An investigator wishes to estimate the proportion of students at a certain university who have violated the honor code. Having obtained a random sample of $n$ students, she realizes that asking each, "Have you violated the honor code?" will probably result in some untruthful responses. Consider the following scheme, called a randomized response technique. The investigator makes up a deck of 100 cards, of which 50 are of Type I and 50 are of Type II. Type I: Have you violated the honor code (yes or no)? Type II: Is the last digit of your telephone number a $0,1,$ or 2 (yes or no)? Each student in the random sample is asked to mix the deck, draw a card, and answer the resulting question truthfully. Because of the irrelevant question on Type II cards, a yes response no longer stigmatizes the respondent, so we assume that responses are truthful. Let $p$ denote the proportion of honor-code violators (i.e., the probability of a randomly selected student being a violator), and let $\lambda=P($ yes response). Then $\lambda$ and $p$ are related by $\lambda=.5 p+(.5)(.3) .$ (a) Let $Y$ denote the number of yes responses, so $Y \sim \operatorname{Bin}(n, \lambda) .$ Thus $Y / n$ is an unbiased estimator of $\lambda .$ Derive an estimator for $p$ based on $Y .$ If $n=80$ and $y=20,$ what is your estimate? [Hint: Solve $\lambda=.5 p+.15$ for $p$ and then substitute $Y / n$ for $\lambda . ]$ (b) Use the fact that $E(Y / n)=\lambda$ to show that your estimator is unbiased for $p$ . (c) If there were 70 Type I and 30 Type II cards, what would be your estimator for $p ?$

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### Video Transcript

in this question to start off, we are given this relationship between Land A and P, then in part a. We are told that why is a binomial random variable based on parameters N and Lambda? Therefore, why divided by n is an unbiased estimator for Lambda and we are asked to derive an unbiased estimator for P based on why we can rearrange the equation at the top of the sheet to give the following. This means that an estimator for P is given by the following. So that is our estimator for P and now given and equals 80. And why equals 20? We want to find our estimate for P. So we just plug this into the formula for estimator and this comes out to 0.2 for part B. We want to show that our estimator is unbiased. So we really want to show that the expected value of our estimator is equal to P. So this is equal to the expected value of two y over em minus 0.3. That's just using this equation with why over and is equal to Lambda and then using the linearity of expectation this can be re expressed as the following. So this is two times Lambda and the expectation of 0.3 is 0.3 and this is equal to P since the expected value of our estimator is the parameter we're estimating, for it is an unbiased estimator. And then for part C, we are given a slightly different set up for the question which would result in this relationship between Lambda and P would now be 0.7 times P plus 0.3 times 0.3. And now we are asked, What are estimator for P would be the estimator for Lambda remains. Why over em since why is still a binomial random variable? The estimator for P is equal to the estimated Verlander minus 0.9 divided by 0.7. And that's done simply by solving for P in this equation and then simply re expressing this substituting. Why over in for for the estimated for Lambda we get why over in minus 0.9 over a 0.7. So this is now our estimator for P

University of Ottawa

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