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Hi there.
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To answer this question, we're going to need to have a periodic table handy.
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And there are a couple of other things we need to know.
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One is the number of electrons in a neutral atom are going to be the same as the number of protons.
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And the number of protons is the atomic number.
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So we can get the number of electrons just by looking at the atomic number for these elements on the periodic table.
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Another thing we need to know is that metals, they form cation by losing electrons.
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And cations are positive ions, and they form those by losing negative electrons.
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Non -metals, they form anions, which are negatively charged, and they do this by gaining electrons.
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Okay, with this in tow, let's go ahead and see what we can do for each of these.
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So our first one we have is oxygen.
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Its symbol is going to be o.
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The total number of electrons, when we look at the periodic table, its atomic number is eight.
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So it has eight electrons.
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The number of valence electrons, it's in group 6a.
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So for the main group elements, the number of valence electrons corresponds to the group number.
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So since it's in group 6a, it has six valance electrons.
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Then we want to know how many is going to gain or lose.
01:44
Well, it's a non -metal.
01:45
It's a non -metal.
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It's a.
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It's a number.
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It's a number.
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It's.
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It's a number.
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It's.
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It's.
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It's going to gain electrons to satisfy the octet rule.
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So it will need to gain two electrons because six plus two would give it eight.
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When it gains two electrons, it's going to form the oxygen oxide ion with a two negative charge...