The stiffness \( k \) of an element in axial loading is given by the formula \( k = \frac{EA}{L} \), where \( E \) is the Young's modulus, \( A \) is the cross-sectional area, and \( L \) is the length of the element.
For Element 1:
\[ k_1 = \frac{E_1 A_1}{L_1} =
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