Directions: Choose the letter that corresponds to the best answer.
1. He is the scientist or philosopher responsible for the theory that proposed that planets, as well as the sun and the moon, moved in a circular motion around the earth.
A. Claudius Ptolemy B. Copernicus C. Galileo D. Kepler
2. The following statements are reasons why the geocentric theory was believed or remained unquestioned for more than one (1) millennium, EXCEPT:
A. This belief was aligned with the teachings of the church; thus, it cannot be questioned.
B. The majority of the famous philosophers during that period in history supported the idea.
C. There was no evidence to prove otherwise due to a lack of astronomical instruments.
D. People were busy with politics and economics; hence, it is the least of their concern.
3. Why were most intellectual ideas controversial?
A. They challenge the long-held belief and the established institutions.
B. They resulted in revolutions and public outcry against governments.
C. Many of these ideas are radical and resulted in societal chaos.
D. These ideas covered topics that are against religion and faith.
4. Before the psychoanalysis theory of Sigmund Freud, psychology was always classified under the study of _____.
A. Biology B. Medicine C. Natural History D. Philosophy
5. Charles Darwin’s controversial theory of evolution was introduced in his book _______.
A. On the Origin of Species
B. From Monkeys to Humans
C. Species Natural Selection
D. The Expeditions in Galapagos
6. When viewed from earth, a celestial body tends to shift in position. This is caused by the earth’s motion. This phenomenon is known as
A. parallax B. redshift C. blueshift D. retrograde
7. In a heliocentric model of the solar system, some planets as viewed from the earth tend to move in a “zigzag” pattern. This phenomenon is known as:
A. parallax B. redshift C. blueshift D. retrograde
8. The Ptolemaic model accounted for the retrograde or apparent motion of the planets by assuming that each planet moved on a small sphere or circle called __________.
A. epicycle B. orbit C. parallax D. revolution
9. According to Freud, the key to a healthy personality is a balance between the id, the ego, and the superego. If no balance is achieved, then a person encounters
A. anxiety B. defense mechanism C. depression D. isolation
10. To remove a person’s level of unease or tension in personality, he or she can use tactics which are known as
A. anxiety B. defense mechanism C. depression D. isolation