Distance of Mars:
In Fall 2020, Mars was near to the largest angular size that we see, because in August 2020, Mars and the Earth were both on the same side of the Sun and were both the closest to each other in their orbits. This configuration is called opposition, because Mars is on the opposite side of the Earth than the Sun. Mars has a diameter of D = 3.34 x 10^3 km and the largest angular size as seen from Earth is ̑ = 25.1 arcseconds = 6.97 x 10^-3 degrees. Use the relationship between true physical size (D), apparent angular size (̑ in units of degrees), and distance (d), find the distance of Mars in units of kilometers from the Earth at closest approach. Express your answer in scientific notation, properly rounded off to match the number of significant digits of the input values and note that the distance units of D and d must be identical.
d = 57.3° D/̑
Express your answer in scientific notation, appropriately rounded off, by filling in the three blanks provided below: the first blank for the mantissa, the second blank for the exponent and the final blank for the correct length units (as requested by the question). If your final result is a value between one and ten with no power of ten, then enter zero for the power of ten. Enter the requested units exactly as they are spelled in bold font as follows: "arcsec", "deg", "km", "AU", or "ly". For example, if the correct calculated distance is 2.4 x 10^6 km, with just two significant digits, you would enter "2.4" in the first blank, "6" in the second blank and "km" in the third blank. Likewise, for a small calculated size of just 6.75 ly, with three significant digits and no power of ten, you would enter "6.75", "0" and "ly" in the three blanks.