Question

1. A drug company currently sells a prescription pain reliever that has been shown to be effective at lowering arthritis pain. However, since the drug also causes stomach irritation in some patients, the company has created a new formulation that it hopes will reduce that side effect. To see if the new formulation reduces the occurrence of stomach irritation for users of the pain reliever, the company conducted a small preliminary study to compare the new formulation with the current pain reliever. In the preliminary study of 100 subjects with arthritis, 50 were randomly assigned to take the current pain reliever and 50 were randomly assigned to take the new formulation. Patient responses at the end of the study are summarized in the table below. | Patient Response | Current Pain Reliever | New Formulation | Total | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | Had stomach irritation | 21 | 17 | 38 | | Had no stomach irritation | 29 | 33 | 62 | | Total | 50 | 50 | 100 | a. Do the data from the preliminary study indicate, at the 10 percent level of significance, that the new formulation helps to reduce the proportion of patients with stomach irritation compared to the current pain reliever? (The conditions for inference have been checked and verified.) b. Based on your conclusion in part (a), which type of error, Type I or Type II, is possible? Describe the both errors and consequences of each error in the context of this study.

          1. A drug company currently sells a prescription pain reliever that has been shown to be effective at lowering arthritis pain. However, since the drug also causes stomach irritation in some patients, the company has created a new formulation that it hopes will reduce that side effect. To see if the new formulation reduces the occurrence of stomach irritation for users of the pain reliever, the company conducted a small preliminary study to compare the new formulation with the current pain reliever. In the preliminary study of 100 subjects with arthritis, 50 were randomly assigned to take the current pain reliever and 50 were randomly assigned to take the new formulation. Patient responses at the end of the study are summarized in the table below.

| Patient Response | Current Pain Reliever | New Formulation | Total |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Had stomach irritation | 21 | 17 | 38 |
| Had no stomach irritation | 29 | 33 | 62 |
| Total | 50 | 50 | 100 |

a. Do the data from the preliminary study indicate, at the 10 percent level of significance, that the new formulation helps to reduce the proportion of patients with stomach irritation compared to the current pain reliever? (The conditions for inference have been checked and verified.)
b. Based on your conclusion in part (a), which type of error, Type I or Type II, is possible? Describe the both errors and consequences of each error in the context of this study.

1. A drug company currently sells a prescription pain reliever that has been shown to be effective at lowering arthritis pain. However, since the drug also causes stomach irritation in some patients, the company has created a new formulation that it hopes will reduce that side effect. To see if the new formulation reduces the occurrence of stomach irritation for users of the pain reliever, the company conducted a small preliminary study to compare the new formulation with the current pain reliever. In the preliminary study of 100 subjects with arthritis, 50 were randomly assigned to take the current pain reliever and 50 were randomly assigned to take the new formulation. Patient responses at the end of the study are summarized in the table below.

| Patient Response | Current Pain Reliever | New Formulation | Total |
| :— | :— | :— | :— |
| Had stomach irritation | 21 | 17 | 38 |
| Had no stomach irritation | 29 | 33 | 62 |
| Total | 50 | 50 | 100 |

a. Do the data from the preliminary study indicate, at the 10 percent level of significance, that the new formulation helps to reduce the proportion of patients with stomach irritation compared to the current pain reliever? (The conditions for inference have been checked and verified.)
b. Based on your conclusion in part (a), which type of error, Type I or Type II, is possible? Describe the both errors and consequences of each error in the context of this study.

Added by Stacy B.

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