D. The density of water ice in icebergs is 0.917 g/cm³. The average density of ocean water varies with temperature and salinity (saltiness), but we will assume a density of 1.025 g/cm³. 1. Use Archimedes' Principle to calculate how much of an iceberg is submerged below sea level. Show your work. 2. Use Archimedes' Principle to calculate how much of an iceberg is exposed above sea level. Show your work. 3. Notice the graph paper grid overlay on the picture of an iceberg in Fig. 1.9B?. Use this grid to determine and record the cross- sectional area of this iceberg that is below sea level and the cross- sectional area that is above sea level by adding together all of the whole boxes and fractions of boxes that overlay the root of the iceberg or the exposed top of the iceberg. Use these data to calculate the percentage of the iceberg that is below sea level and the percentage that is above sea level. How do your results compare to your calculations in steps D1 and D2? 4. What do you think might happen as the top of the iceberg melts? E. REFLECT & DISCUSS. How much does the melting of an iceberg floating in the ocean contribute to sea level rise. (Hint: Does the liquid level change when an ice cube floating in a glass of liquid water melts?)
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For an iceberg floating in seawater, the weight of the displaced seawater is equal to the weight of the entire iceberg. Show more…
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A scientist measures the density of a piece of glacial ice to be $920 \mathrm{~kg} / \mathrm{m}^{3}$ and that of the surrounding seawater to be $1025 \mathrm{~kg} / \mathrm{m}^{3}$. Because the densities are different, approximately one-ninth of the volume of the iceberg is above water. The volume seen above water $V_{s}$ can be approximated by $V_{s}=\frac{1}{9} V_{t},$ where $V_{t}$ is the total volume of the iceberg. a. Determine the volume of the portion of an iceberg seen above water if the total volume is $50,040 \mathrm{~m}^{3}$. b. Determine the total volume of an iceberg if the portion above water is estimated to be $9000 \mathrm{~m}^{3}$.
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The average density of icebergs is about 917 kg/m3. (a) Determine the percentage of the total volume of an iceberg submerged in seawater of density 1042 kg/m3. (b) Although icebergs are mostly submerged, they are observed to turn over. Explain how this can happen. (Hint: Consider the temperatures of icebergs and seawater.)
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The tip of the iceberg. Icebergs consist of freshwater ice and float in the ocean with only about $10 \%$ of their volume above water (the "tip of the iceberg," so to speak). This percentage can vary, depending on the condition of the ice. Assume that the ice has the density given in Table $13.1,$ although, in reality, this can vary considerably, depending on the condition of the ice and the amount of impurities in it. (a) What does this $10 \%$ observation tell us is the density of seawater? (b) What percentage of the icebergs' volume would be above water if they were floating in a large freshwater lake such as Lake Superior?
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