00:02
All right.
00:02
For organic reactions, there are many different types of reactions that can happen.
00:06
We're going to look at a few that are pretty common and what our goals are.
00:11
Right.
00:12
So if we are trying to make an alkan as a product, typically we'll have something that is already an alken.
00:20
Okay.
00:20
So a double bond or an alkyne, possibly it's a triple bond.
00:24
So our goal there, if we're just simply trying to make it a single bond, an alkan, right? it is possible to add hydrogen, h -d.
00:32
Sometimes this will need a catalyst, and that's totally fine.
00:37
And what we see is that this h2 compound reacts and we end up with a single bond between our carbons because we add an additional hydrogen onto each carbon to give us that al -cane, which is our single bond.
00:57
If we are trying to halogenate or add a halogen, so chlorine, bromine, iodine, and fluorine to a compound, it's going to be the same kind of idea here.
01:08
So it's possible to take something, even something like ch4, methane.
01:14
And if we add a halogen, now remember halogens are diatomic, so they'll also be that subscriptive two there.
01:21
What we will see is that one of our bromine atoms will actually replace or substitute.
01:27
It's a substitution reaction for a hydrogen.
01:30
So we'll end up replacing one of those with a bromine, which removes that hydrogen and leaves us with another bromine, so we end up with hbr, hydrogen bromide as our other product.
01:47
All right.
01:48
Another option is adding multiple halogens to a compound.
01:54
Right.
01:54
Now, if we do this, again, kind of like our first example, we're going to see that many times we'll have a double bond in the compound already.
02:03
So if we have a double bond in there, if we look at this al -keen, double bond.
02:11
We can use the same type of reaction that we did with our halogenation previously.
02:17
But what we'll see is that it actually just is an addition reaction.
02:20
So the bromines attach and leave a single bond as our product.
02:26
So i'm going to put it down here...