have a grater temperibne then 1 too \( \mathrm{C} \) 2. Which subtance ts most soluble at \( 60^{\circ} \mathrm{C} \) ? Phestion irctide 3. Which two subotances have que same solubility at \( 80^{\circ} \mathrm{C} \) ? 3. Which two subotances have yra same solubility at \( 80^{\circ} \mathrm{C} \) ? Rusisim. Chlaratec Oatism chacrite. 4. Whith substance's solubitity changes the most from or \( \mathrm{C} \) to \( 100^{\circ} \mathrm{C} 7 \) Potcas Siwm ritente 5. Which substance's solubality changes the least from of \( \mathrm{C} \) to \( 100^{\circ} \mathrm{C} \) ? Perossiomo. Chloriase 6. What is the solubility of potasslum nitrate at \( 90^{\circ} \mathrm{C} 7 \) I 150 7. At whot temperature does potassium sedide have a soluballty of \( 150 \mathrm{~g} / 100 \mathrm{~cm}^{3} \) water ? 20 8. You have a solution of sodium nitrate containing \( 140 \mathrm{~g} \) at \( 65^{\circ} \mathrm{C} \). Is the solution saturated, unsaturated, or supersaturated ? 9. You have a solution of potasslum chlorate contalning \( 4 \mathrm{~g} \) at \( 65^{\circ} \mathrm{C} \). How many additional grams of solute mest be added to tt, to make the solution siturated ? 10. A solution of potasslum fodide at \( 70^{\circ} \mathrm{C} \) contains \( 200 \mathrm{~g} \) of dissolved solute in \( 100 \mathrm{~cm}^{3} \) water. The solution is allowed to cool. At what new temperature would erystals begln to start forming ?
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Solubility and Solubility Product You put 0.10 -mol samples of $\mathrm{KNO}_{3},\left(\mathrm{NH}_{4}\right)_{2} \mathrm{~S}, \mathrm{~K}_{2} \mathrm{~S}, \mathrm{MnS},$ $\mathrm{AgCl}$, and $\mathrm{BaSO}_{4}$ into separate flasks and add $1.0 \mathrm{~L}$ of water to each one. Then you stir the solutions for 5 minutes at room temperature. Assume that you have $1.0 \mathrm{~L}$ of solution in each case. a. Are there any beakers where you would observe solid still present? How do you know? b. Can you calculate the potassium ion concentration, $\mathrm{K}^{+}$, for the solutions of $\mathrm{K} \mathrm{NO}_{3}$ and $\mathrm{K}_{2} \mathrm{~S}$ ? If $\mathrm{so},$ do the calculations, and then compare these $\mathrm{K}^{+}$ concentrations. c. For the solutions of $\left(\mathrm{NH}_{4}\right)_{2} \mathrm{~S}, \mathrm{~K}_{2} \mathrm{~S},$ and $\mathrm{MnS},$ how do the concentrations of sulfide ion, $\mathrm{S}^{2-}$, compare? (You don't need to calculate an answer at this point; just provide a rough comparison.) Be sure to justify your answer. d. Are there any cases where you need more information to calculate the sulfide-ion concentration for the solutions of $\left(\mathrm{NH}_{4}\right)_{2} \mathrm{~S}, \mathrm{~K}_{2} \mathrm{~S},$ and $\mathrm{MnS}$ from part $\mathrm{c}$ ? If so, what additional information do you need? e. Consider all of the solutions listed at the beginning of this problem. For which ones do you need more information than is given in the question to determine the concentrations of the ions present? Where can you find this information? f. How is the solubility of an ionic compound related to the concentrations of the ions of the dissolved compound in solution?
The following question is taken from a Chemistry Advanced Placement Examination and is used with the permission of the Educational Testing Service. Solve the following problem: $$ \mathrm{MgF}_{2}(s) \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{Mg}^{2+}(a q)+2 \mathrm{F}^{-}(a q) $$ (a) Write the expression for the solubility-product constant, $K_{\mathrm{sp}},$ and calculate its value at $18^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ (b) Calculate the equilibrium concentration of $\mathrm{Mg}^{2+}$ in 1.000 $\mathrm{L}$ of saturated $\mathrm{MgF}_{2}$ solution at $18^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ to which 0.100 mol of solid $\mathrm{KF}$ has been added. The KF dissolves completely. Assume the volume change is negligible. (c) Predict whether a precipitate of $\mathrm{MgF}_{2}$ will form when 100.0 $\mathrm{mL}$ of a $3.00 \times 10^{-3}$ -M solution of $\mathrm{Mg}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}$ is mixed with 200.0 $\mathrm{mL}$ of a $2.00 \times 10^{-3}$ -M solution of NaF at $18^{\circ} \mathrm{C} .$ Show the calculations to support your prediction. (d) At $27^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ the concentration of $\mathrm{Mg}^{2+}$ in a saturated solution of $\mathrm{MgF}_{2}$ is $1.17 \times 10^{-3} \mathrm{M} .$ . Is the dissolving of $\mathrm{MgF}_{2}$ in water an endothermic or an exothermic process? Give an explanation to support your conclusion.
Potassium nitrate has a solubility of $32 \mathrm{g}$ of $\mathrm{KNO}_{3}$ in $100 \mathrm{g}$ of $\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}$ at $20^{\circ} \mathrm{C} .$ Determine if each of the following forms an unsaturated or saturated solution at $20^{\circ} \mathrm{C}:(9.3)$ a. adding $32 \mathrm{g}$ of $\mathrm{KNO}_{3}$ to $200 .$ g of $\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}$ b. adding $19 \mathrm{g}$ of $\mathrm{KNO}_{3}$ to $50 .$ g of $\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}$ c. adding $68 \mathrm{g}$ of $\mathrm{KNO}_{3}$ to $150 .$ g of $\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}$
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