Question

According to the social contractarian, you ought to be just/moral... to self-domesticate... for its own sake... to escape the state of nature... because it is how you best avoid/minimize your exploitation... because it is useful... unless you have Gyges' Ring (or the like) and can get away with being immoral/unjust... because it's its own reward... to avoid living lives that are nasty, brutish, and short... because it's necessary for anything to be good... since it alone is most choiceworthy... because it is how you best exploit others. QUESTION 2 The prisoners' dilemma assumes... rational players... a negative sum game... conspirators can arrange to trust each other... it's worse to suffer the other's power than to gain from your own... a zero-sum game. QUESTION 3 Free riding... threatens the social contract through its erosive effect... shows the continued power of the dominance argument... shows that, for the social contract, you ought only be just until you can get away with being unjust... is a limited form of Gyges' Ring... takes advantage of others' contribution to the common good. QUESTION 4 According to the social contract, the state is... a mutual protection society of the weak to collectively be stronger than any individual... how we save ourselves from each other... where we can realize our best selves... how we together survive the rest of the state of nature... for the strong to exploit the weak... how we save ourselves together... how we take advantage of each other for mutual benefit. QUESTION 5 Ways in which Plato's calling the rulers of his kallipolis "philosopher-kings" misleads include: Insofar as, at least usually, kings are monarchs, ruling alone and not together... Intimating that kings would deign to philosophize... Suggesting that ruling, like kingship, is usually inherited... Insinuating that philosophers are fit to rule... Implying that, like a king, the rulers of the kallipolis are male. QUESTION 6 According to Plato's "Socratic" virtue ethics, courage is... fairness... proper deference to the hierarchy of control and proper authority... seeing that each is treated as they deserve... each doing only its part, not interfering with any other... the result of ruling well... how we discern how and then act best given the uniqueness of each situation.

According to the social contractarian, you ought to be just/moral... to self-domesticate... for its own sake... to escape the state of nature... because it is how you best avoid/minimize your exploitation... because it is useful... unless you have Gyges' Ring (or the like) and can get away with being immoral/unjust... because it's its own reward... to avoid living lives that are nasty, brutish, and short... because it's necessary for anything to be good... since it alone is most choiceworthy... because it is how you best exploit others.

QUESTION 2
The prisoners' dilemma assumes... rational players... a negative sum game... conspirators can arrange to trust each other... it's worse to suffer the other's power than to gain from your own... a zero-sum game.

QUESTION 3
Free riding... threatens the social contract through its erosive effect... shows the continued power of the dominance argument... shows that, for the social contract, you ought only be just until you can get away with being unjust... is a limited form of Gyges' Ring... takes advantage of others' contribution to the common good.

QUESTION 4
According to the social contract, the state is... a mutual protection society of the weak to collectively be stronger than any individual... how we save ourselves from each other... where we can realize our best selves... how we together survive the rest of the state of nature... for the strong to exploit the weak... how we save ourselves together... how we take advantage of each other for mutual benefit.

QUESTION 5
Ways in which Plato's calling the rulers of his kallipolis "philosopher-kings" misleads include: Insofar as, at least usually, kings are monarchs, ruling alone and not together... Intimating that kings would deign to philosophize... Suggesting that ruling, like kingship, is usually inherited... Insinuating that philosophers are fit to rule... Implying that, like a king, the rulers of the kallipolis are male.

QUESTION 6
According to Plato's "Socratic" virtue ethics, courage is... fairness... proper deference to the hierarchy of control and proper authority... seeing that each is treated as they deserve... each doing only its part, not interfering with any other... the result of ruling well... how we discern how and then act best given the uniqueness of each situation.

Added by Michelle M.

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