To simplify the addition of the sinusoidal voltages, it's helpful to express all of them in terms of sine or cosine. The given voltages are:
- \(V_1 = 10 \sin(440t)\)
- \(V_2 = 102 \sin(440t - 45^\circ)\)
- \(V_3 = 20 \cos(440t)\)
Since \(\cos(\theta) =
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