Ice floats on water. For most other substances, however, the...

Ice floats on water. For most other substances, however, the solid sinks in the liquid. Classify each of these statements based on whether they describe water or most other substances. Water Most other substances Answer Bank The solid is less dense than the liquid. High pressure will cause the solid to become liquid. The solid is more dense than the liquid. The molecules are closest in the solid phase. In a phase diagram, the solid–liquid coexistence line has a negative slope. High pressure will cause the liquid to become solid. The molecules are closest in the liquid phase. In a phase diagram, the solid–liquid coexistence line has a positive slope.

Transcript

00:01 In the given question, we have been asked to identify if the given statements are true for either water or for most of the other substances.

00:28 So let us check each of the statement one by one.

00:32 The first statement says that solid is less dense than liquid.

00:45 See, this statement is true for water.

00:50 So, we can say that it is true for water.

00:56 Why this statement is true for water? why this statement is true for water? let us understand that.

01:00 See, in case of water, when it cools, it forms, the solid state of water is ice ice has a crystalline structure and it has a cage like structure ice is a cage like structure crystalline structure okay now in this cage like structure there are a lot of spaces present so due to the open spaces present in the cage like structure of ice the volume of ice the volume of ice is more than liquid water is more than liquid water.

01:50 So we can say that since its volume is greater, therefore its density is lesser as compared to liquid water.

02:00 The second statement given to us says that the high pressure high pressure causes the solid to become liquid.

02:14 So it causes solid to turn liquid.

02:22 Now this statement is also again true for water.

02:28 So we can say that it is true for water.

02:33 Why it is so? because when we increase the pressure on ice, the equilibrium will shift in that direction where the pressure will tend to get reduced in the liquid state we have already studied in the previous statement that ice being solid has a cage like structure volume is greater and so when it turns to liquid the volume decreases and so we can say that the pressure is also released so that is why the equilibrium will shift from solid to the liquid in case of water.

03:10 The next statement which says that the solid is denser than the liquid.

03:18 This statement will again be true for most other liquids.

03:24 It is, we can say it is true for other substances but it is not true for water.

03:37 Why it is not true for water? because we have understood that in case of water, the solid state has cage -like structure with open spaces in between, so its density is lesser as compared to the liquid water.

03:52 We move on to the next statement according to which the molecules are closest in solids...

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