00:01
So in general, kantian or denatological duty ethics, there's some imperatives that go with it.
00:12
Now, when we're considering the universality of it, like whether or not this can be applied to every single condition, every single situation for every single person, we need to consider certain things that would imply a universal quality.
00:28
So it's very similar in general to what you would apply to denatological moral ethics or duty ethics in this case.
00:39
It's rationality, of course, but the extra bit that makes it universal or that implies universality is the common human aspect.
00:53
The common human aspect of reason.
00:58
In other words, we're all allegedly rational agents.
01:02
So according to kant, the reason is reasoning.
01:06
Is a universal faculty that can be shared by all people.
01:12
Now, you know, this is an assumption, well, not an assumption, but this is something that we're going to take almost axiomatically.
01:19
Since moral laws are derived from reason, then they must be universally applicable to all rational beings.
01:26
So that's the connection that we have, and that's what makes it universal.
01:31
The next thing is the categorical imperative.
01:40
What kind of makes it work.
01:49
The categorical imperative directly addresses the universality of moral principles.
01:57
So basically, the most important formulation i'll say is that act only according to that maximum so that you can, at the same time, will that it will become a universal law.
02:19
Now, again, this is something that is kind of put here to make the idea of applying this universally work.
02:28
The formulation is going to require that any action be considered morally right.
02:34
You have to be able to consistently will that everyone in similar circumstances would act according to that same principles...