In a recent university study, 512 males enrolled in the College of Engineering, 257 enrolled in the College of Business, and 127 enrolled in the College of Education. In the same study, 215 females enrolled in the College of Engineering, 220 enrolled in the College of Business, and 389 enrolled in the College of Education. Is college independent of gender and what is the p-value?
a. Independent with the p-value as < 0.001
b. Association with the p-value as < 0.001
c. Independent with a p-value of 0.061
d. Association with a p-value of 0.061
e. None of the above