In an annealed sample of Al-Li (fairly dilute in Li) the microstructure shown below was observed. A thin layer at the surface of the sample was found to be depleted in Li content and within this layer voids (cavities) were observed. Explain the presence of these voids in terms of the Kirkendall effect. What must be the relative magnitudes of the diffusion coefficients for Al and Li for your explanation to be plausible.
Surface
Li Depletion Zone
Voids
Al-Li
Fig. P2-8. Microstructure observed near the surface of an annealed Al-Li alloy.