In an experiment on obedience to authority, one subject tells another that the shocks might not be real. Which issue of invalidity is present in this scenario? Group of answer choices placebo effect Hawthorne effect John Henry effect contamination
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Contamination occurs when external factors influence the results of an experiment, leading to invalid or unreliable conclusions. In this case, the subject telling another that the shocks might not be real could potentially influence the other subject's behavior Show more…
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