In chemical reactions, atoms often lose or gain electrons to form charged particles called ions. Positively charged ions are called cations, while negatively charged ions are called anions.
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Ions are charged particles that form when atoms either lose or gain electrons. Show more…
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Ionic Compounds: Nomenclature and Bonding Lab Classification of Ions Ions are charged particles. Cations have a positive charge; anions have a negative charge. Metals tend to form cations by losing one or more electrons; nonmetals tend to form anions by gaining one or more electrons. Monatomic ions are composed of a single atom which carries a net charge. For example Na+, Ca2+, F-, O2-. Polyatomic ions are composed of two or more atoms and are molecular species. The molecule carries a net charge. For example: OH-, NO3-, SO42-. (The ammonium ion, NH4+ is the only polyatomic cation usually discussed in introductory chemistry courses. Note that it is composed only of nonmetals.) Table 4-1 lists the charges of common monoatomic ions. Note that the number is written first, followed by the sign (eg., Mg2+, not Mg+2). The number "1" is never written. Table 4-1. Common monatomic ions (by group number) IA: Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, Cs+ IIA: Mg2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+ IIIA: Al3+ VA: N3-, P3- VIA: O2-, S2-, Se2- VIIA: F-, Cl-, Br-, I-
Dinesh S.
Cations are atoms that have gained electrons. capable of forming ionic bonds with anions. charged subatomic particles. radioactive isotopes. atoms without protons.
Isaac H.
Classify each by whether they are, or tend to form, cations or anions. Cations: positively charged, group 7A (group 17), metals, K+. Anions: have more electrons than protons, group 1A (group 1), nonmetals, Br-.
Adi S.
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