Direct quotation as part of your own sentence: Assouline and Meir (1987) conducted a meta-analytic review of congruence-outcome relations.
Direct quotation without the single author's last name in the text of your paper: McMahon and Watson (2012) discuss how in narrative counseling "the story becomes a primary tool for facilitating [a supportive and purposive therapeutic relationship] and connectedness between clients and their past, present, and future stories" (p. 214).
Direct quotation of forty or more words: "The process of establishing a 'career represents a unique interaction of self and social experience'" (Young & Collin, 2004, p. 381).
Source with no author given: The following definition of mental toughness emerged: "Mental toughness is having the natural or developed psychological edge."
Summarized or paraphrased material from work with two authors: "Many demands (competition, training, lifestyle) that sport places on a performer [and] specifically, be more consistent and better than your opponents in remaining determined, focused, confident, and in control under pressure" (Jones, Hanton, & Connaughton, 2002, p. 209).
Direct quotation with the author's last name in the text of your paper: One source reports "that qualities mentioned in recommendation letters for women differ sharply from those for men, and those differences may be costing women jobs and promotions in academia and medicine" ("Gendered Recommendation Letters," 2011).