Megan reads a research study which shows that children who...

Megan reads a research study which shows that children who see a lot of violence on television are more likely to be aggressive on the playground. Megan thinks, "This is obvious; I could have predicted that!" Megan's reaction to the study is probably an example of: a. internal validity. b. the hindsight bias. c. external validity. d. psychological realism.

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00:01 Megan reads a research study that shows the children who see a lot of balance on television will be more aggressive on the playground.

00:07 She thinks, this is obvious, i could have predicted that.

00:11 Her reaction is, an example of internal validity, the hindsight bias, external validity, or psychological realism.

00:20 First, i'll go through these and identify what they mean.

00:25 So, we'll start with a and c, because they're both types of validity.

00:28 These are found within an experiment.

00:33 Internal validity means that your study is actually working properly, working as intended, and measuring what it's supposed to.

00:43 So it's making sure that the controlled variables are properly controlled and that the independent variable really is responsible for results.

00:54 So the more careful you are with your experimental design.

00:58 Design, but higher your internal validity.

01:01 See, external validity is about how well your study applies to the outside world.

01:08 So how well results apply to the outside world, which is at odds with internal validity.

01:17 A kind of paradox found in especially social psychology is that the more you increase internal validity, the more you take your experiments out of the real world and reduce your external validity.

01:28 So there's a balance to be struck there...

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