Molecules that are hydrophobic may be able to penetrate the cell membranes in the stomach and intestine and pass into the bloodstream. Conversely, molecules that are charged or hydrophilic are generally not rapidly absorbed through such membranes. Thus, one can predict whether pharmaceutical compounds taken orally will be quickly absorbed in the stomach (pH 1.0-2.0) or whether they must pass into the intestine (more basic pH values) before being absorbed. Ambucetamide is a drug with a pKa of 8.4 of the amino group. Determine how this will be ionized (i.e., is the HA or A form drawn?). Calculate the percent of ambucetamide that will be available for absorption in the upper intestine (pH=5.0) versus the percent that can be absorbed in the lower intestine (pH=8.0).