Consider a particle in a one-dimensional box of length 2a, described by the potential energy function $V(x) = \begin{cases} 0, & 0 \le x \le 2a, \\ \infty, & \text{otherwise.} \end{cases}$ Solve the time-independent Schrödinger equation and apply the boundary conditions to obtain the allowed energies of the particle. Hint: Start by writing down the time-independent Schrödinger equation in the interval $0 \le x \le 2a$. Solve the differential equation and then impose the boundary conditions to obtain the energy eigenvalues.
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