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Part 1: How Do We Describe the Bonding and Nonbonding Electrons in a Molecule? Lewis Formula (electron dot formula) A representation that uses lines and dot pairs to represent the bonding and nonbonding valence electrons in a molecule Octet Rule The tendency for an atom to achieve an electron configuration having 8 valence electrons (Hydrogen is an exception since it only needs 2 electrons to be like helium.) Steps for Drawing Lewis Formulas: 1. Draw a skeletal structure. 2. Count total number of valence electrons contributed from all atoms. 3. Place a bonding electron pair between each set of connecting atoms. 4. Add nonbonding electrons to outer atoms (except H) to obtain an octet. 5. Compare the number of electrons in structure to total count obtained in step #2. If any remaining electrons are available, add them to the central atom. 6. If at this point the central atom has less that 8 electrons, move nonbonding electron pairs from an outer atom to a bonding position between that atom and the central atoms. Repeat, if necessary, until the central atom has an octet. Molecular Formula | Calculate Number of Valence Electrons | Draw Lewis Formula (Lewis Structure) | Number of Valence Electrons in Structure | Octets on each Atom except H? CH4 (Example) | C (4) 4H 4(1) 8 Valence e- | H H-C-H H | 8 (4 bonding pairs) (Needs to match column 2) | Yes NH3 | | | | H2O | | | |

          Part 1: How Do We Describe the Bonding and Nonbonding Electrons in a Molecule?
Lewis Formula (electron dot formula)
A representation that uses lines and dot pairs to represent the bonding and nonbonding valence electrons in a molecule
Octet Rule
The tendency for an atom to achieve an electron configuration having 8 valence electrons (Hydrogen is an exception since it only needs 2 electrons to be like helium.)
Steps for Drawing Lewis Formulas:
1. Draw a skeletal structure.
2. Count total number of valence electrons contributed from all atoms.
3. Place a bonding electron pair between each set of connecting atoms.
4. Add nonbonding electrons to outer atoms (except H) to obtain an octet.
5. Compare the number of electrons in structure to total count obtained in step #2.
If any remaining electrons are available, add them to the central atom.
6. If at this point the central atom has less that 8 electrons, move nonbonding electron pairs from an outer atom to a bonding position between that atom and the central atoms.
Repeat, if necessary, until the central atom has an octet.
Molecular Formula | Calculate Number of Valence Electrons | Draw Lewis Formula (Lewis Structure) | Number of Valence Electrons in Structure | Octets on each Atom except H?
CH4 (Example) | C (4) 4H 4(1) 8 Valence e- | H H-C-H H | 8 (4 bonding pairs) (Needs to match column 2) | Yes
NH3 | | | | 
H2O | | | |

Part 1: How Do We Describe the Bonding and Nonbonding Electrons in a Molecule?
Lewis Formula (electron dot formula)
A representation that uses lines and dot pairs to represent the bonding and nonbonding valence electrons in a molecule
Octet Rule
The tendency for an atom to achieve an electron configuration having 8 valence electrons (Hydrogen is an exception since it only needs 2 electrons to be like helium.)
Steps for Drawing Lewis Formulas:
1. Draw a skeletal structure.
2. Count total number of valence electrons contributed from all atoms.
3. Place a bonding electron pair between each set of connecting atoms.
4. Add nonbonding electrons to outer atoms (except H) to obtain an octet.
5. Compare the number of electrons in structure to total count obtained in step #2.
If any remaining electrons are available, add them to the central atom.
6. If at this point the central atom has less that 8 electrons, move nonbonding electron pairs from an outer atom to a bonding position between that atom and the central atoms.
Repeat, if necessary, until the central atom has an octet.
Molecular Formula | Calculate Number of Valence Electrons | Draw Lewis Formula (Lewis Structure) | Number of Valence Electrons in Structure | Octets on each Atom except H?
CH4 (Example) | C (4) 4H 4(1) 8 Valence e- | H H-C-H H | 8 (4 bonding pairs) (Needs to match column 2) | Yes
NH3 | | | |
H2O | | | |

Added by Kevin E.

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