Pentaerythritol tetranitrate (abbreviated PETN, chemical formula C5H8N4O12) is an explosive material with a structure that is very similar to nitroglycerin. It is one of the components of plastic explosives such as Semtex. The explosion of PETN can be represented by: C5H8N4O12(s) → 2CO(g) + 4H2O(g) + 3CO2(g) + 2N2(g) A plastic explosive charge is formed into a cylinder about 30 cm long and about 2 cm in diameter. It weighs about 276 grams and is 58.5% PETN by mass. What is the total number of moles of gas produced when this plastic explosive charge explodes?
Added by Iker M.
Step 1
Given that the charge weighs 276 grams and is 58.5% PETN by mass, we can calculate the mass of PETN as follows: \[ \text{Mass of PETN} = 276 \, \text{g} \times 0.585 = 161.46 \, \text{g} \] Show more…
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Nitroglycerin (C3H5N3O9) is a very strong explosive that degrades over time and is too shock-sensitive to transport safely. Dynamite is made by combining nitroglycerin with stabilizers and adsorbents, which makes it much safer to use. The explosion of nitroglycerin can be represented by: 4C3H5N3O9(l) → 6N2(g) + 12CO(g) + 10H2O(g) + 7O2(g) A stick of 40% dynamite is about 20 cm long and about 3 cm in diameter and weighs 203 grams. It is 40.0% nitroglycerin by mass. What is the total number of moles of gas produced when a stick of 40% dynamite explodes?
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Nitroglycerin (C3H5N3O9) is a powerful explosive. Its decomposition may be represented by 4C3H5N3O9 -> 6N2 + 12CO2 + 10H2O + O2. This reaction generates a large amount of heat and many gaseous products. It is the sudden formation of these gases, together with their rapid expansion, that produces the explosion. (a) What is the maximum amount of O2 in grams that can be obtained from 2.00 x 10^2 g of nitroglycerin? (b) Calculate the percent yield in this reaction if the amount of O2 generated is found to be 6.55 g.
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Detonation of nitroglycerin proceeds as follows: $4 \mathrm{C}_{3} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{~N}_{3} \mathrm{O}_{9}(l) \longrightarrow$ $$ 12 \mathrm{CO}_{2}(g)+6 \mathrm{~N}_{2}(g)+\mathrm{O}_{2}(g)+10 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(g) $$ (a) If a sample containing $2.00 \mathrm{~mL}$ of nitroglycerin (density $=$ $1.592 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{mL}$ ) is detonated, how many total moles of gas are produced? (b) If each mole of gas occupies $55 \mathrm{~L}$ under the conditions of the explosion, how many liters of gas are produced? (c) How many grams of $\mathrm{N}_{2}$ are produced in the detonation? can be filled and capped? (b) How much of each item is left over? (c) Which component limits the production?
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