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C. Pre-Lab Questions 1. Draw a diagram similar to that in figure 6 detailing the separation of 1,2-dichlorobenzene, phenol (pKa = 10), and pyridine by an extraction protocol. 1,2-dichlorobenzene phenol pyridine 2. Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) can be used as a base to extract carboxylic acids into the aqueous layer, but it cannot be used to extract most alcohols. Explain. Hint: the pKa of H2CO3 is approximately 6. 3. Explain the difference between extraction and washing. 4. Look up the densities and miscibility of hexane and water. See the miscibility chart from experiment 2. Would these two solvents work well together in an extraction procedure? Explain. D. Post-Lab Questions 1. In this procedure your organic acid was isolated by precipitation and subsequent filtration. If the resulting organic acid had been soluble in the aqueous solution, how could it have been isolated? 2. You are given a two-phase system containing an aqueous layer and an organic layer, but you don't know which is which, nor do you know the identity of the organic solvent. How could you determine which layer is the water layer? 3. In this experiment, could you have used methanol in place of dichloromethane? 4. What is the identity of the two components present in your unknown?

          C. Pre-Lab Questions

1. Draw a diagram similar to that in figure 6 detailing the separation of 1,2-dichlorobenzene, phenol (pKa = 10), and pyridine by an extraction protocol.

1,2-dichlorobenzene
phenol
pyridine

2. Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) can be used as a base to extract carboxylic acids into the aqueous layer, but it cannot be used to extract most alcohols. Explain. Hint: the pKa of H2CO3 is approximately 6.

3. Explain the difference between extraction and washing.

4. Look up the densities and miscibility of hexane and water. See the miscibility chart from experiment 2. Would these two solvents work well together in an extraction procedure? Explain.

D. Post-Lab Questions

1. In this procedure your organic acid was isolated by precipitation and subsequent filtration. If the resulting organic acid had been soluble in the aqueous solution, how could it have been isolated?

2. You are given a two-phase system containing an aqueous layer and an organic layer, but you don't know which is which, nor do you know the identity of the organic solvent. How could you determine which layer is the water layer?

3. In this experiment, could you have used methanol in place of dichloromethane?

4. What is the identity of the two components present in your unknown?

C. Pre-Lab Questions

1. Draw a diagram similar to that in figure 6 detailing the separation of 1,2-dichlorobenzene, phenol (pKa = 10), and pyridine by an extraction protocol.

1,2-dichlorobenzene
phenol
pyridine

2. Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) can be used as a base to extract carboxylic acids into the aqueous layer, but it cannot be used to extract most alcohols. Explain. Hint: the pKa of H2CO3 is approximately 6.

3. Explain the difference between extraction and washing.

4. Look up the densities and miscibility of hexane and water. See the miscibility chart from experiment 2. Would these two solvents work well together in an extraction procedure? Explain.

D. Post-Lab Questions

1. In this procedure your organic acid was isolated by precipitation and subsequent filtration. If the resulting organic acid had been soluble in the aqueous solution, how could it have been isolated?

2. You are given a two-phase system containing an aqueous layer and an organic layer, but you don't know which is which, nor do you know the identity of the organic solvent. How could you determine which layer is the water layer?

3. In this experiment, could you have used methanol in place of dichloromethane?

4. What is the identity of the two components present in your unknown?

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