Question 49 (1 point) A major advantage of a fuel cell over a standard battery is that A) as it generates electricity, a fuel cell produces more fuel than it uses. B) a fuel cell is 100 percent efficient at generating electricity, whereas a battery is less than 1 percent efficient. C) a fuel cell generates electricity without the need for an oxidation-reduction reaction. D) as long as oxygen and fuel are supplied, a fuel cell will not run down like a battery will.
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It uses fuel to generate electricity. Option B is also incorrect. While fuel cells are more efficient than traditional combustion technologies, they are not 100% efficient. Show more…
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Fuel cells depend on chemical energy generated by the reaction: $$ 2 \mathrm{H}_{2}+\mathrm{O}_{2}--2 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} $$ The automobile industry plans for fuel cells to be powering millions of vehicles by $2020 .$ In terms of the stored energy per unit mass, $\mathrm{H}_{2}$ supplies $120 \mathrm{MJ} \mathrm{kg}^{-1} .$ This compares with about $45 \mathrm{MJ} \mathrm{kg}^{-1}$ for hydrocarbon-based petrol (gasoline). Write a brief summary of advantages and disadvantages of $\mathrm{H}_{2}$ and petrol as fuels for the motor vehicles, taking into account supply, demand, efficiency and environmental issues.
The capacity of a storage battery, such as those used in automobile electrical systems, is rated in ampere-hours $(\mathrm{A} \cdot \mathrm{h}) .$ A $50 \mathrm{~A} \cdot \mathrm{h}$ battery can supply a current of 50 A for $1.0 \mathrm{~h},$ or 25 A for $2.0 \mathrm{~h},$ and so on. (a) What total energy can be supplied by a $12 \mathrm{~V}, 60 \mathrm{~A} \cdot \mathrm{h}$ battery if its internal resistance is negligible? (b) What volume (in liters) of gasoline has a total heat of combustion equal to the energy obtained in part (a)? (See Section 17.6; the density of gasoline is $\left.900 \mathrm{~kg} / \mathrm{m}^{3} .\right)$ (c) If a generator with an average electrical power output of $0.45 \mathrm{~kW}$ is connected to the battery, how much time will be required for it to charge the battery fully?
The capacity of a storage battery, such as those used in automobile electrical systems, is rated in ampere-hours $(\mathrm{A} \cdot \mathrm{h}) .$ A $50-\mathrm{A} \cdot$ h battery can supply a current of 50 $\mathrm{A}$ for $1.0 \mathrm{h},$ or 25 $\mathrm{A}$ for $2.0 \mathrm{h},$ and so on. (a) What total energy can be supplied by a $12 . \mathrm{v}$ $60-\mathrm{A} \cdot \mathrm{h}$ battery if its internal resistance is negligible? (b) What volume (in liters) of gasoline has a total heat of combustion equal to the energy obtained in part (a)? (See Section 17.6; the density of gasoline is $900 \mathrm{kg} / \mathrm{m}^{3} . )(\mathrm{c}) \mathrm{If}$ a generator with an average electrical power output of 0.45 $\mathrm{kW}$ is connected to the battery, how much time will be required for it to charge the battery fully?
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