Question

Problem 11. (Heart cell membrane) A muscle cell in the heart typically has an electric potential difference of $\Delta V = V_{in} - V_{out} = 90 mV$. In order to function, the cell must 'pump' sodium ($Na^{+}$) ions from one side of this membrane to the other, causing there to be a charge buildup on one side compared to the other. A. How much energy is required to pump a single $Na^{+}$ ion from the outside of the cell membrane to the inside if the outside of the cell is negatively charged with respect to the inside? Express your answer in J. B. A typical chocolate bar will release around 1000 kJ of energy into the body once metabolized. How many ions can be transported across a heart cell membrane with this amount of energy?

          Problem 11. (Heart cell membrane)
A muscle cell in the heart typically has an electric potential difference of $\Delta V = V_{in} - V_{out} = 90 mV$. In
order to function, the cell must 'pump' sodium ($Na^{+}$) ions from one side of this membrane to the other,
causing there to be a charge buildup on one side compared to the other.
A. How much energy is required to pump a single $Na^{+}$ ion from the outside of the cell membrane to
the inside if the outside of the cell is negatively charged with respect to the inside? Express your
answer in J.
B. A typical chocolate bar will release around 1000 kJ of energy into the body once metabolized.
How many ions can be transported across a heart cell membrane with this amount of energy?

Problem 11. (Heart cell membrane)
A muscle cell in the heart typically has an electric potential difference of Δ V = Vin - Vout = 90 mV. In
order to function, the cell must 'pump' sodium (Na^+) ions from one side of this membrane to the other,
causing there to be a charge buildup on one side compared to the other.
A. How much energy is required to pump a single Na^+ ion from the outside of the cell membrane to
the inside if the outside of the cell is negatively charged with respect to the inside? Express your
answer in J.
B. A typical chocolate bar will release around 1000 kJ of energy into the body once metabolized.
How many ions can be transported across a heart cell membrane with this amount of energy?

Added by Jennifer H.

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