QUESTIONS 1. What alkene(s) will be produced when each of...

QUESTIONS 1. What alkene(s) will be produced when each of the following alcohols is dehydrated: a. cyclohexanol b. 2-methylcyclopentanol c. 3-methylcyclopentanol d. 2,3-dimethyl-2-butanol 2. Illustrate the mechanism for the acid-catalyzed dehydration of cyclohexanol. 3. Illustrate the mechanism for the acid-catalyzed dehydration of 2-methylcyclohexanol. How many products are possible? 4. Give equations to show how sulfuric acid can convert 4-methylcyclohexene into a mixture of four isomeric C7H12 compounds (including starting material). Predict the relative amounts of each isomer. 5. Explain how the methylcyclohexene(s) can be distilled from the reaction mixture if the distillation temperature is kept well below 100°C. 6. The 2-methylcyclohexanol used in Experiments B and C is actually a mixture of two isomers. What are they? Is it likely that this makes a difference in the product composition? Explain your answer. 7. Write equations to illustrate the reaction of cyclohexene with KMnO4. 8. Given the following data, calculate the theoretical yield and percentage yield of cyclohexene: Cyclohexanol used: 20.0 mL Cyclohexene obtained: 12.0 g

Transcript

00:01 Hello everyone.

00:02 Let's start the question.

00:03 In this question, in the first part, the question asked is, what elkeines will be formed by the dehydration of the following alcohols? in the first part, we have cyclohexanol, which has this type of structure.

00:18 If it undergoes dehydration in the present of a dehydrating agent like sulfuric acid h2so4, if we heat it in the presence or, sulfuric acid then it will lead to the formation of cyclohexene which has this type of structure we have cyclohexane ring with a double bond this is known as cyclohexene which is the answer to our first part moving on to the second part that we have here the second structure which is two methylcyclopentanol if it undergoes dehydration in the presence of a dehydrating agent like sulfuric acid when it is heated in the presence of sulfuric acid, it leads to the formation of one methyl methyl cyclopentine.

01:08 And if we draw the structure, this is how we will draw the structure.

01:14 Here we have methyl and this is a double bond.

01:17 So this is known as one methyl cyclopentine.

01:26 Moving on to the third part, f3 methyl cyclopentanol is heated in the third part.

01:32 In the presence of dehydrating agent like sulfuric acid, it leads to the formation of three methyl cyclopentine.

01:42 This is the structure.

01:44 This is our cyclopentine.

01:46 Here we have a double pond and here we have a methyl growth.

01:49 This is named as three methyl cytopentine.

01:59 So these are the respective alkenes which will be formed by carrying out the dehydration of the respective alcohols.

02:11 Now let us move on to the second part of this question, in which we are asked to write the mechanism of acid catalyzed dehydration of cyclohexanol.

02:21 First let us see the reaction, how the reaction is taking place, and then we will be moving on to its mechanism.

02:29 When cyclohexanol, which has this type of structure, here we have a six -membered carbon chain, cyclic chain, with oh.

02:41 This is known as cyclohexanol.

02:47 When it is treated with acid like h3 -p -o -4, it leads to the formation of cyclohegene, that is it undergoes dehydration as it is forming cyclohegene along with the removal of water as dehydration itself means the removal of water molecule.

03:11 So now let us come to the mechanism.

03:15 If we see the reaction mechanism, the mechanism of this particular reaction actually involves three parts.

03:26 Let us have a look onto the first part, which is labeled here as a.

03:33 In the first part, what happens is protonation of alcohol.

03:38 By acid takes place.

03:41 Proto nation of alcohol by acid occurs.

03:52 Let us have a look onto the mechanistic part here.

04:00 If i draw the structure of cyclohexanol again because it is our reacting species, this is how we draw it.

04:14 Let's say here we have the oh, we can draw it on the h.

04:16 We can draw it on to any side.

04:19 This is the hydrogen and this is also the hydrogen which are available...

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