True or False, early criminological research largely neglected childhood's role in the development of criminal behavior.
True
False
Turning points, such as a job, military service, or quality relationship, can help an individual desist from crime through which of these mechanisms?
a. Increased social support, which strengthens the bond of attachment to conventional others
b. An increase in commitment to the elements of a conventional lifestyle, which they do not want to lose
c. All of the answers provided
d. A change in routine activities, which involves a person in structured activities involving pro-social responsibilities
Which theorist(s) emphasized the importance of turning points, such as marriage and employment to the process of desistance from crime?
a. Hirschi
b. None of the answers provided
c. Gottfredson
d. Sampson and Laub
All of the following are characteristics of Adolescent Limited Offenders, except:
a. Tend to begin their antisocial behavior in early adolescence
b. Their antisocial behavior is driven in part by neuropsychological deficits
c. Tend to stop committing crime as adolescents
d. They are antisocial in some situations but conforming in many others.
Which of the following is a theory of continuity?
a. Agnew's strain theory
b. Gottfredson and Hirschi's self-control theory
c. Moffitt's developmental theory of Life Course Persistent and Adolescent Limited offenders
d. Sampson and Laub's age-graded theory of social control
All of the following are characteristics of Life Course Persistent Offenders, except
a. The consequences of their antisocial behavior often ensnare them in a criminal lifestyle.
b. They engage in antisocial behavior from childhood throughout adulthood.
c. One cause of their antisocial behavior is neuropsychological deficits
d. They begin their antisocial behavior in early adolescence.
According to Moffitt, Adolescent Limited offenders are motivated to commit crime because they are biologically mature but their access to adult roles and autonomy is delayed. This disjunction is called a ______.
a. maturity gap
b. turning point
c. human agency
d. social mimicry