Third Year Hello English Second Term 43. My mother is making sandwiches, she ........................bread all morning. a) has cut b) has been cutting c) was cut d) has cut 44. They're angry. They........................for ages. a) am waiting b) waited c) has waited d) have been waiting 46. We ........................................a car for three years now. a) had b) have had having c) have had d) are having 47. I ........................ Paris three times this year. a) visit b) had visited c) have been visiting d) have visited 48. This movie's the most boring movie I ........................ a) ever watched b) had ever watched c) have been ever watching d) have ever watched 49. I........................a lot of people in the last few days a) met b) had met c) have been met d) have met 50. Everything is going well. There ........................ any problems so far. a) haven't been b) have been c) had been d) will be 51. She has been to Italy. This means that she ......... there. a) is still b) is no longer c) will be d) won't be 52. I ........................my home work yet a- haven't met b- have met c- didn't meet d- will not meet 53- I ........................this secret for a week now. a- have known b- have been knowing c- had known d- will know 54- Noha has ........................drunk coffee. a- ago b- since c- ever d- just 55. We have been living in Tanta ........................we returned from Saudi Arabia. a- since b- for c- ago d- when 56- He is away, I don't know where he ........................ a- was gone b- has gone to c- has been to d- is going 57- Have you ever ........................to the pyramids? a- visited b- been visited c- been d- been visiting 58- He has worked as a taxi driver ........................5 years. a- since b- for c- ago d- to 59- Mona hasn't seen her mother ........................last Friday morning. a- for b- since c- ago d- from 60- It's five hours since she ........................ back home. a) has come b) come c) coming d) came 61. It's more than 20 years ........................leaving our small Cairo. . a) while b) before c) when d) since 62. Ahmed ........................ London. He is going to return to Cairo next week. a) has gone b) has been c) has gone to d) has been to 63. Karim has been really good at English........................ he went to England on holiday last summer. a) when b) for c) although d) since
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Question 1: Which of the following is not passive transport? A. Simple diffusion B. Endocytosis C. Facilitated diffusion D. Osmosis Question 2: The process by which macromolecules within the cell are packaged into secretory vesicles and transported OUT through the cell membrane is known as A. Counter transport B. Co-transport C. Endocytosis D. Exocytosis Question 3: Cells in our body are able to communicate with each other. Which statement about cell signalling is false? A. The same signal always induces the same response in any cell B. Signals act of different ranges C. Cells may respond to sets of signals D. Signals can have different chemical natures Question 4: The release of signalling molecules from a cell that stimulate a neighbouring cell is an example of which type of cell signalling? A. Signalling via Gap junctions B. Paracrine signalling C. Endocrine signalling D. Cell-cell recognition Question 5: Which of the following molecules is not part of a plasma membrane? A. Sphingolipid B. Cholestrol C. Glycolipid D. Triacylglycerol Question 6: If a signal sequence is removed from an ER protein: A. the protein remains in the cytosol. B. the protein will enter an organelle other than the ER. C. the protein will be immediately degraded. D. the protein will be exported from the cell. Question 7: All of the following statements correctly describe nuclear transport, EXCEPT: A. Small proteins diffuse through rapidly B. It involves relatively pores in the inner and outer membrane of the nucleus C. Allow movement of molecules into and out of the nucleus. D. Transport of very large proteins through pores is passive; i.e., does not require an energy source. Question 8: Which of the following statement is TRUE: During the transport of proteins between the nucleus and the cytoplasm, A. GTPase-activating protein (GAP) triggers GTP hydrolysis and converts Ran-GTP to Ran-GDP. Guanine exchange factor (GEF) converts Ran-GTP to Ran-GTP. B. GTPase-activating protein (GAP) triggers GTP hydrolysis and converts Ran-GDP to Ran-GTP. Guanine exchange factor (GEF) converts Ran-GDP to Ran-GTP. C. GTPase-activating protein (GAP) triggers GTP hydrolysis and converts Ran-GTP to Ran-GDP. Guanine exchange factor (GEF) converts Ran-GDP to Ran-GTP. D. Guanine exchange factor (GEF) triggers GTP hydrolysis and converts Ran-GTP to Ran-GDP. GTPase-activating protein (GAP) converts Ran-GDP to Ran-GTP. Question 9: The ER signal sequence on a growing polypeptide chain is recognized by a signal recognition particle (SRP) in the cytosol. This interaction: A. causes the polypeptide chain to dissociate from the ribosome. B. guides the ribosome and its polypeptide to the ER membrane C. causes the ribosome to return to the pool of free ribosomes in the cytosol. D. speeds the synthesis of the polypeptide chain. Question 10: The electron transport chain accepts high-energy electrons from: A. ATP. B. pyruvate. C. NADH and FADH2. D. acetyl CoA
Josee P.
Brenna's mother's arm fracture is taking far longer to heal than any other broken bone she has had before, and Brenna is concerned. She feels like this means the osteoporosis is worsening and that her mother's resilience is decreasing. Once overweight, Brenna's mother has started to lose weight as she's aged. At first, Brenna was happy to see this because she thought it may help her mother bounce back from future injuries. On the contrary, Brenna has started to notice that her mother is having more difficulty with walking and climbing stairs. Her doctor explains that this declining function is common in adults age 65 and older. What term describes the muscle wasting Brenna's mother is experiencing? a. sarcopenia b. aphasia c. kyphosis d. xerostomia Brenna drives to her parents' house. When she arrives in town, Brenna stops at the store to pick up foods and supplements that may help her mother heal from her fracture and slow the progression of osteoporosis. In addition to calcium, supplementing with what other nutrient may be helpful to Brenna's mother relating to her osteoporosis? a. vitamin B12 b. protein c. vitamin D d. vitamin E e. None of these are correct. Brett's father has been noticing some changes in his father's eating patterns as he ages. His father just doesn't seem to have a huge appetite like he did a few years ago; he was always known as the "garbage truck" in the family because he would eat anything and everything in sight. Now his father says that if he overeats or eats certain foods, he has digestion issues. Which of the following changes to the gastrointestinal system occurs in late adulthood? a. weakened muscle between the esophageal-stomach juncture, resulting in GERD b. decreased stomach acid resulting in nutrient malabsorption c. relaxed anal musculature leading to more episodes of diarrhea d. both GERD and decreased stomach acid resulting in nutrient malabsorption e. All of these are correct. Brenna talks to her mother to see how her fracture is healing. Ever since her mother began taking nutritional supplements and eating calcium-rich foods, she's been feeling a lot better. Her doctor's progress notes indicate that her symptoms have improved, and he has suggested that she keep up the good work. Her mother is also considering adding a glucosamine and chondroitin supplement to the mix because she wants to feel well enough to attend the family reunion at the end of the year. True or False: Supplementation of chondroitin and glucosamine, only when taken together, has been shown to reduce osteoarthritis pain. a. True b. False Brett visits his parents in hopes of helping his father feel better. From what his dad tells him, it seems like the doctor isn't fully listening to his dad and is telling him to accept that he'll always feel sick to his stomach now that he's older. Brett arrives to find that his father is now taking 15 different medications a day, as well as 8 supplements. Brett is shocked. Why is his dad popping over 23 different pills a day? This has to be part of the problem! Taking this number of medications and supplements is a commonly occurring problem in the older population. What is the common term for this? a. polypharmacy b. hyperpharmacotherapy c. pharmotox d. polypharmacy or hyperpharmacotherapy e. All of these are correct. Brenna's mom is overwhelmed with the amount of health recommendations that Brenna continues to give her. With her chronic osteoporosis pain, Brenna's mother rarely has the energy to get up and walk around. Instead, she has started to knit in her big living room chair to show Brenna that she can be active in the chair, too. With needles in her hands a majority of the time, she doesn't stop to take a water break. Due to her limited fluid intake, Brenna notices that her mother is showing signs of dehydration. Which of the following is considered to be a sign/symptom of dehydration? a. dry tongue b. puffy appearance of the eyes in their sockets c. clarity in thinking d. moist mucous membranes e. All of these are signs/symptoms of dehydration.
Jorge V.
Ecology is best defined as the study of A. populations. B. rate of population changes. C. communities. D. organisms as they interact with other organisms and with their physical surroundings. 2. The study of the interrelationships of plants and animals with each other and with their environment is known as A. a trophic level. B. a food web. C. a habitat. D. ecology. 3. Less energy is available at the next trophic level because A. food is captured and eaten before it reaches the next trophic level. B. food eaten is digested. C. only a portion of the food that is digested can be used to make ATP. D. all of the absorbed food molecules are used as an energy source for ATP buildup in mitochondria. 4. What happens to the energy that is passed from one trophic level to the next in a food chain? A. It recycles back to the producers. B. It results in a much larger decomposer population. C. It is dissipated into the atmosphere in heat. D. It is recaptured by another food chain. 5. Compared to the numbers of grasshoppers or deer, there are few mountain lions. The reason that large and fierce animals, such as the mountain lion, are rare in an ecosystem is that A. such animals do not tolerate other members like them. B. through evolution, most fierce animals have been killed off by others. C. food chains are 10–20% efficient at each step, top carnivores require large amounts of calories. D. only a few such animals are permitted by succession in a biome and there are only a few biomes. 6. Most natural food chains are only four or five links long, rarely more. The number of trophic levels is limited because A. more predators than herbivores. B. efficiency of energy transfer is very low, about 10 percent. C. winter kills off most insects. D. This is not correct. 7. The ultimate source of energy for the majority of organisms on Earth, including humans, is A. heat from burning fuels. B. heat from muscle contraction. C. sunlight. D. electric light. 8. Which is NOT true about a complex food web? A. It remains stable. B. Populations tend to remain about the same size. C. Energy levels remain about the same. D. Inputs are constant and outputs minimal except for heat. 9. Which sequence correctly illustrates the most plausible food chain? A. algae, insect larvae, fish, humans B. algae, fish, insect larvae, humans C. insect larvae, algae, fish, humans D. fish, insect larvae, algae, humans 10. What percentage of the energy in one trophic level becomes incorporated into the next level? A. 1% B. 10% C. 30% D. 100% 11. Consider the components of a four-step food chain: producers, herbivores, carnivores, top predators. If everything is eaten at each level, how much of the energy stored by a producer is passed to the top predator? A. 100% B. 10% C. 1% D. 0.1% 12. The base of an ecological pyramid represents the A. producer trophic level. B. primary consumer trophic level. C. secondary consumer trophic level. D. top predator trophic level. 13. In a grazing food chain, A. all consumers are primary consumers. B. primary consumers eat photosynthetic organisms. C. primary consumers eat detritus. D. secondary consumers eat photosynthetic organisms. 14. In the following food chain, which organism is at the third trophic level? grass → rabbits → snakes → hawks → foxes A. grass B. rabbits C. snakes D. hawks 15. How is a carnivore like a herbivore? A. Both pass on all energy received to the next trophic level. B. Both produce nutrients for plants. C. Both pass less energy to the next trophic level. D. Both produce ATP without loss of energy. 16. Energy flow in an ecosystem begins with A. omnivores. B. herbivores. C. decomposers. D. autotrophs. 17. How are omnivores, carnivores, and herbivores similar? They all A. are producers. B. are consumers and produce oxygen. C. produce their own food. D. are consumers and produce carbon dioxide. 18. The primary producers in terrestrial ecosystems are the ____, whereas in freshwater and saltwater ecosystems it is ____. A. autotrophs; heterotrophs B. herbivore; carnivore C. consumers; producers D. plants; algae 19. Which type of organism produces food in an ecosystem? A. heterotroph B. autotroph C. consumer D. carnivore 20. The primary consumers that feed directly on green plants are called A. omnivores. B. decomposers. C. herbivores. D. carnivores. 21. Which of the following organisms would be considered a decomposer? A. green algae B. green plant C. caterpillar D. mushroom 22. Which may be a secondary or tertiary consumer? A. producer B. herbivore C. photoautotrophs D. carnivore 23. Interaction between two species as both attempt to use the same environmental resources is A. competition. B. a community. C. an ecosystem. D. predation. 24. In large natural ecosystems, competition between two species over time will usually result in A. death of all the members of one species within a short time. B. equal numbers of each species. C. each species occupying a slightly different niche. D. hybridization between the two species. 25. Similar species occupying slightly different niches in the same community is shown by A. the presence of carp in polluted waters in the United States. B. fluctuation of the snowshoe hare and lynx populations in Canada. C. competition between two species of barnacles in Scotland, resulting in one living in the intertidal zone and the other living below this species. D. removal of a starfish species from intertidal communities in Washington. 26. There are two organisms with overlapping ranges and filling a similar niche. We find that where their niches overlap, there is twice the competition for resources. This leads to A. speciation. B. hypervolume. C. competitive exclusion. D. total extinction. 27. Species of grain beetles can live on dry meal, obtaining water as metabolic water. Many of these beetle species are grain pests that do considerable damage to stored grain. You set up a dozen jars of dry meal and introduce 50 individuals of each species to each jar, being careful to have half of each species from each sex. Food supply is sufficient to last for a year and the size is adequate so wastes do not become toxic. Most likely, examination of the jars in six months will find A. a totally random variation in numbers of both beetles. B. only one species per jar, similar to competitive exclusion principle experiment with paramecia. C. the same ratio of beetles as when you started, about half from each species. D. only dead beetles in all jars due to intense competition for the niche. 28. Interaction between two species in which one feeds on the other is A. competition. B. a community. C. an ecosystem. D. predation. 29. Which of the following is correct when describing a predator-prey cycle? A. A decline in the number of predators causes a decline in the number of prey. B. A decline in the number of prey causes a decline in the number of predators. C. An increase in the number of predators triggers an increase in the number of prey. D. An up-and-down cycle will be seen for the prey animal. 30. Overall, the most scientifically correct viewpoint toward predators is A. predators help keep prey populations from overexploiting limited food resources. B. ecosystems support more populations when the large carnivores are eliminated from the system. C. there is a high level of cruelty and indiscriminate killing among larger predators. D. predators eliminated harm us, we improve conditions for other animal populations.
Danielle A.
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