Suppose the age of onset for Parkinson's disease in the general population is known to have a me

Step 1: Understand the context of the problem. A medical researcher is investigating whether the

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Suppose the age of onset for Parkinson's disease in the general population is known to have a mean of 68 years. A medical researcher selects a random sample of 32 Parkinson's patients of African American ethnicity and records the age of onset for each patient. He decides to use a one-sample t-test to determine whether age of onset for African Americans differs in some way from the general population, obtaining the SPSS output below. One-Sample Statistics \begin{tabular}{l|r|r|r|r} & \( N \) & Mean & Std. Deviation & Std. Error Mean \\ \hline age of onset & 32 & 67.16 & 2.604 & 460 \\ \hline \end{tabular} One-Sample Test \begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|} \hline & \multicolumn{7}{|c|}{ Test Value \( =68 \)} \\ \hline & \multirow[b]{2}{}{\( t \)} & \multirow[b]{2}{}{ df } & \multicolumn{2}{|c|}{ Significance } & \multirow{2}{}{\begin{tabular}{c} Mean \\ Difference \end{tabular}} & \multicolumn{2}{|c|}{\begin{tabular}{l} \( 95 \% \) Confidence Interval of the \\ Difference \end{tabular}} \\ \hline & & & One-Sided p & Two-Sided p & & Lower & Upper \\ \hline age of onset & -1.833 & 31 & .038 & .076 & -844 & -1.78 & .10 \\ \hline \end{tabular} One-Sample Effect Sizes \begin{tabular}{ll|l|l|l|l|} & & & \multicolumn{2}{c}{\( 95 \% \) Confidence Interval } \\ & Standardizer \( ^{2} \) & Point Estimate & Lower & Upper \\ \hline \multirow{2}{}{ age of onset } & Cohen's d & 2.604 & -.324 & -.677 & .034 \\ \cline { 2 - 6 } & Hedges' correction & 2.669 & -.316 & -.661 & .033 \\ \hline \end{tabular} a. The denominator used in estimating the effect sizes. Cohen's d uses the sample standard deviation. Hedges' correction uses the sample standard deviation, plus a correction factor.

          Suppose the age of onset for Parkinson's disease in the general population is known to have a mean of 68 years. A medical researcher selects a random sample of 32 Parkinson's patients of African American ethnicity and records the age of onset for each patient. He decides to use a one-sample t-test to determine whether age of onset for African Americans differs in some way from the general population, obtaining the SPSS output below.
One-Sample Statistics
\begin{tabular}{l|r|r|r|r} 
& \( N \) & Mean & Std. Deviation & Std. Error Mean \\
\hline age of onset & 32 & 67.16 & 2.604 & 460 \\
\hline
\end{tabular}

One-Sample Test
\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|}
\hline & \multicolumn{7}{|c|}{ Test Value \( =68 \)} \\
\hline & \multirow[b]{2}{*}{\( t \)} & \multirow[b]{2}{*}{ df } & \multicolumn{2}{|c|}{ Significance } & \multirow{2}{*}{\begin{tabular}{c} 
Mean \\
Difference
\end{tabular}} & \multicolumn{2}{|c|}{\begin{tabular}{l}
\( 95 \% \) Confidence Interval of the \\
Difference
\end{tabular}} \\
\hline & & & One-Sided p & Two-Sided p & & Lower & Upper \\
\hline age of onset & -1.833 & 31 & .038 & .076 & -844 & -1.78 & .10 \\
\hline
\end{tabular}

One-Sample Effect Sizes
\begin{tabular}{ll|l|l|l|l|} 
& & & \multicolumn{2}{c}{\( 95 \% \) Confidence Interval } \\
& Standardizer \( ^{2} \) & Point Estimate & Lower & Upper \\
\hline \multirow{2}{*}{ age of onset } & Cohen's d & 2.604 & -.324 & -.677 & .034 \\
\cline { 2 - 6 } & Hedges' correction & 2.669 & -.316 & -.661 & .033 \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
a. The denominator used in estimating the effect sizes.
Cohen's d uses the sample standard deviation.
Hedges' correction uses the sample standard deviation, plus a correction factor.

Suppose the age of onset for Parkinson's disease in the general population is known to have a mean of 68 years. A medical researcher selects a random sample of 32 Parkinson's patients of African American ethnicity and records the age of onset for each patient. He decides to use a one-sample t-test to determine whether age of onset for African Americans differs in some way from the general population, obtaining the SPSS output below.
One-Sample Statistics

N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean

age of onset 32 67.16 2.604 460

One-Sample Test

7|c| Test Value =68

[b]2*t [b]2* df 2|c| Significance 2*
Mean

Difference
2|c|
95 % Confidence Interval of the

Difference

One-Sided p Two-Sided p Lower Upper

age of onset -1.833 31 .038 .076 -844 -1.78 .10

One-Sample Effect Sizes

2c95 % Confidence Interval

Standardizer ^2 Point Estimate Lower Upper

2* age of onset Cohen's d 2.604 -.324 -.677 .034

2 - 6 Hedges' correction 2.669 -.316 -.661 .033

a. The denominator used in estimating the effect sizes.
Cohen's d uses the sample standard deviation.
Hedges' correction uses the sample standard deviation, plus a correction factor.

Added by Maria M.

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