1. Fill in the blanks to show two synthetic pathways for the...

1. Fill in the blanks to show two synthetic pathways for the synthesis of butylbenzene from benzene. AICI$_3$ 1. AICI$_3$ 2. H$_2$O H$_2$ Pd/C 2. Of the two pathways above, in which is butylbenzene the minor product? What is the major product of that pathway? 3. Fill in the blanks below to show the transformation of toluene under different reaction conditions. NBS, peroxide $\Delta$ CH$_3$O Br$_2$ hv CN H$_2$ Raney Ni 4. Explain why phenol is more reactive than phenyl ethanoate (shown below). Use resonance structures to justify your answer. OH

Transcript

0:00 Hello.

00:01 So in this question we are going to discuss about the reaction between the benzene and two bromopropane.

00:23 So let us discuss the reaction step by step.

00:27 So here when the reaction of the benzene, it is reacting with the two bromopropine.

00:33 Then suppose we have this two bromopropine.

00:37 Propane means that there is a three -prompapine.

00:39 Carbon atom is there and this bromine it is having the six electron remaining in the automotials now when the alcl3 it comes in the contact here this is the acid base reaction in that case this lone pair that means there will be the reaction or the interaction will take place between these two and hence it will form this bromine it will have the positive charge and alcl3 with negative charge here.

01:21 Now this bond will break down and it will lead to the formation of the carbocetion.

01:29 Positive charge will be there.

01:31 So this is the secondary carbocetion, which is the stable form.

01:44 Now this carbocetion, this is the first step.

01:47 Now here this carbocatan will get attracted to the benzene.

01:51 Here we have this benzene ring.

01:56 As you can see that this positive charge it is there.

01:59 Therefore it will try to attack where the more the electron cloud is there.

02:05 So therefore this, we have this carbocetion and electrophilic addition will take place at this.

02:17 At this position, this is the electrophilic.

02:24 Addition.

02:29 Now, and this will lead to the formation of the intermediate state, that is this two bromocarbocatin, the secondary carbocatin, it will get attached to this position and it will lead to the formation of this intermediate state.

02:49 Now again, when this, the molecule which is get detached from this here, that is al, we can write it as like this cl and here, this b, r, positive it is present there now this chlorine and hydrogen they will get attracted or they will take place the reaction will take place here and hence it will lead to the formation of this molecule that is this two bromopropane this propane group it is attached there so here you can see that only one product is found then the benzene ring it get reacted with two bromopropine then in that case only one product is formed now if the reaction takes place with the one bromopropine that means reaction between benzene and one bromopropine let's see what will happen so we have this bromine atom here again this first step is the when the acid -based reaction.

04:12 Will take place at this position.

04:16 So therefore it will lead to the formation of this, that is this br positive alcl3 negative.

04:27 It will get it.

04:29 This is the intermediate state that is formed here.

04:32 Now this bond will break down and it will lead to the formation of the this ketion.

04:42 So here this is the primary carbocetion.

04:49 Which is the less stable intermediate state.

04:56 Now when the benzene ring is come in contact, when the benzene rings comes in contact with this carbocatin...

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