Consider a spherical spacecraft that has a diameter of 4 meters and with an IR emissivity of 0.88 and a solar absorptance of 0.26. The spacecraft, maintained at a temperature of 273 K, is in a Low Earth Orbit (LEO) and is in radiative equilibrium with its surroundings. If the solar irradiance is 1358 watts per square meter and the average temperature of the Earth is 288.15 K, what is the sink temperature (the effective temperature at infinity)? For this problem, assume the Earth has an average albedo of 0.3 and an emissivity of 0.975 and that all the thermal radiation incident on the spacecraft "sees" the spacecraft as a disk. 2.731 K None of the above 273.0 K 229.2 K
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